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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Microbes Infect. 2018 Jun 26;21(1):50–55. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2018.06.003

Fig. 4. Pgp3 induction of cytokine production in neutrophils is enhanced by forming complexes with LL-37.

Fig. 4

Bone marrow-derived neutrophils made from C3H/HeJ mice (with TLR4 mutation, thus unable to respond to LPS stimulation) were plated 1 × 106 cells/ml/well in a 24 well plate. The cells were treated with or without 10ng/ml LPS (TLR4 ligand as a negative control), Pam3 (TLR2 ligand as positive control), LL-37 or Pgp3 alone or Pgp3/LL-37 complexes at 0.05, 0.25 and 1.25μM as indicated along the X-axis for 24h at 37°C. The supernatants were collected for measuring both IL-6 (solid bar) and IL-8 (open). The cytokine concentrations were calculated from 3 independent experiments and expressed as ng/ml as shown along the Y-axis. Note that Pgp3 but not LL-37 alone stimulated minimal levels of cytokines and the proinflammatory activity of Pgp3 was significantly enhanced by forming complexes with LL-37 (**p<0.01, Wilcoxon rank sum).