Table 3.
Unadjusted Pneumonia Rates Across Important Clinical Subgroup Analyses
| Characteristics | Pre-Intervention | Intervention | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | STSnonMI | MI-Collaborative | p-value | Overall | STSnonMI | MI-Collaborative | p-value | |
| N | 196,954 | 189,774 | 7,180 | 714,800 | 690,605 | 24,195 | ||
| Demographics | ||||||||
| Age Groups | ||||||||
| 65–74 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 0.38 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 0.048 |
| 75–84 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 0.85 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.1 | 0.15 |
| >=85 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 3.5 | 0.34 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 0.90 |
| Race | ||||||||
| White | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 0.12 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 0.10 |
| Non-White | 3.5 | 3.5 | 5.9 | 0.0002 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 0.14 |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Female | 3.2 | 3.2 | 4.3 | 0.0094 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 0.90 |
| Male | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.4 | 0.13 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 0.10 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | ||||||||
| <18.5 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 0.99 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 3.7 | 0.38 |
| 15.8–24.9 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 0.48 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 0.96 |
| 25.0–29.9 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 0.78 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 0.23 |
| 30.0–34.9 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 0.081 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 0.17 |
| 35.0–39.9 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 5.5 | 0.0010 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 0.99 |
| >=40 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 5.1 | 0.12 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 0.38 |
| Operative Status | ||||||||
| Elective | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.8 | 0.081 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 0.97 |
| Urgent | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 0.099 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 0.30 |
| Emergent/Salvage | 7.7 | 7.6 | 10.8 | 0.062 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 7.8 | 0.38 |
| Cigarette Smoking, Current | ||||||||
| No | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 0.68 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 0.45 |
| Yes | 4.5 | 4.4 | 6.4 | 0.0001 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 0.63 |
| Chronic Lung Disease | ||||||||
| No | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 0.53 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 0.047 |
| Yes | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5.9 | 0.039 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 3.8 | .079 |
| Off-Pump Surgery | ||||||||
| No | 2.7 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 0.72 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 0.59 |
| Yes | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.7 | 0.017 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 0.13 |
| Cardiopulmonary Bypass Duration (min) | ||||||||
| <60 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 0.73 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 0.079 |
| 60–89 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 3.5 | 0.034 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 0.24 |
| 90–119 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 0.79 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 0.16 |
| >=120 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.8 | 0.42 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 0.43 |
| Intraoperative Red Blood Cell Transfusions Used | ||||||||
| No | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.8 | 0.019 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 0.91 |
| Yes | 4.6 | 4.6 | 6.2 | 0.0015 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 0.71 |
Data are expressed as No. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
P-values are based on Pearson chi-square tests for all categorical row variables.