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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Arthritis Rheumatol. 2018 Dec 4;71(1):109–120. doi: 10.1002/art.40672

Figure 1. The lupus snRNP immune complex induces MIF release from human monocytes, leading to the promotion of IL-1β production.

Figure 1

(A) MIF ELISA at 18 hours from cell culture supernatants of human monocytes incubated with or without U1-snRNP (snRNP, 5 μg/ml) in the presence or absence of healthy serum or anti-U1-snRNP antibody-positive (Ab+) serum (5% final concentration). Bars and errors bars indicate mean and SEM, respectively (n = 15 donors). The P-value was obtained by ANOVA. (B) Flow cytometric analysis of CD44 and CD74 expression on monocytes freshly isolated from the peripheral blood of a healthy donor. Representative data from 2 donors. (C) IL-1β ELISA at 18 hours from cell culture supernatants of human monocytes incubated with or without U1-snRNP (snRNP, 5 μg/ml) and/or healthy serum or anti-U1-snRNP antibody-positive (Ab+) serum (5% final concentration) in the presence or absence of the MIF antagonist MIF098 (20 μM). Bars and errors bars indicate mean and SEM, respectively (n = 6 donors). The P-value was obtained by the paired t-test.