Figure 6. TGFβi delivered via VHH-conjugated amph-NPs augments endogenous CD8+ T cell vaccine responses.
(a) Timeline of administration of Trp1, Trp2, and gp100 trivalent vaccines and TGFβi administration to tumor-bearing C57Bl/6 mice (n=5 animals/group). (b) Representative flow cytometry plots of intracellular cytokine staining to detect antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses from 3 individual mice to each of the 3 peptide antigens in peripheral blood at day 20. (c) Quantitative analysis of percent of IFN-γ- and TNF-α-expressing cells amont total CD8+ T cells. *, p < 0.05; n.s. not significant by ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post test. (d) Example histograms (upper panels) and mean fluorescence intensities (MFI, lower panels) of IFN-γ expression in CD8+ T cells after ex vivo antigen restimulation. ***, p < 0.001; **, p < 0.01; * p < 0.05 by two-tailed unpaired t test.