Table 5.

Medians and effect sizes of performance- and temporal-based dependent variables by condition for both samples

Dependent variables	Summer sample (N=390)			Academic year sample (N=289)
	HE (N=201)	NHE (N=189)	Cliff’s d	HE (N=141)	NHE (N=148)	Cliff’s d
Mastery speed	8.00	9.00	.04	8.00	8.00	.04
Percent correct	0.64	0.60	.01	0.67 ∗∗	0.59 ∗∗	.14
Total answer-attempts	14.00	15.00	.00	14.00	15.00	.06
Total regular-hint count	0.00 ∗∗	0.00 ∗∗	.27	0.00 ∗	0.00 ∗	.11
Total bottom-out-hint count	0.00 †	0.00 †	.10	0.00 ∗∗	1.00 ∗∗	.24
Problems with hints	0.00	0.00	.03	0.00 ∗∗	1.00 ∗∗	.18
Completion time	44.90 ∗	20.77 ∗	.01	21.12	17.88	.19
Total time-on-problem	24.12	18.80	.08	14.73	13.05	.04
Total time-between-problems	0.27	0.27	.07	0.27	0.23	.01
Winsorized total time-on-problem	16.32	15.40	.00	11.64	11.86	.00

Note: Value ranges differ across variables; HE hints early condition; NHE no-hints-early condition; ^†p < 0.1, ^∗p <.05, ^∗∗<.01