Total RNA was extracted from frontal cortex tissues, reverse transcribed to cDNA, and analyzed for (A) TREM2, (B) TNF-a, which was normalized to ACTB levels by rt2PCR. Fold-change compared to RNA extracted from an age-matched HIV- sample was calculated using the comparative CT method. Analyzed by two-way ANOVA; *p<0.05. (n=42, where n= the number of human specimens analyzed).