Fig. 1.

The workflow of the present study. a The workflow of the study that whether SGD regulates CYP3A4 or MDR1 luciferase activities through hPXR. HepG2 and Caco2 cells were co-transfected with a PXR-expressed CYP3A4 or MDR1 dual luciferase reporter gene constructs and then exposed to a range of SGD, or Shaoyao (SY), or Gancao (GC). After 24 h, luciferase activities were evaluated. b The workflow of the study that whether SGD regulates CYP3A4 or MDR1 mRNA expression through hPXR. LS174T cells were co-transfected with PXR plasmid and then exposed to SGD, or Shaoyao (SY), or Gancao (GC). After 48 h, CYP3A4 and MDR1 mRNA expression were measured