(A) Representative image for quantification of mechanical properties by Nano indentation. Total of nine indents, as indicated by circles, per skin section were obtained. The graph represents typical load (mN) and displacement (penetration depth, nm) curve (see Methods for details). Dot lines indicate epidermal and dermal junction. Bar=100μm. (B) Increased stiffness in photodamaged forearm dermis. (C) Increased hardness in photodamaged forearm dermis. Stiffness and hardness were quantified using a NanoIndenter II (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA), as described in Methods. Quantification of the dermal mechanical properties was obtained from total 54 indents from each group (9 indents/subject × total 6 subjects=54 indents/group). Results are expressed as the mean ± SEM,*p < 0.05.