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. 2018 Dec 27;14:129–139. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S181916

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Kaplan–Meier survival curves of patients with COPD with or without Dai-kenchu-to after hospitalization for COPD exacerbation in the 1-to-4 propensity score-matched population. (A) Results for patients aged ≥75 years. (B) Results for patients with LAMA therapy. (C) Results for patients without LAMA therapy before hospitalization. The Kaplan–Meier curves were compared with a log-rank test. A P-value of <0.05 indicated statistical significance.

Abbreviation: LAMA, long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonist.