Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with COPD aged ≥75 years with and without Dai-kenchu-to, before and after 1-to-4 propensity score matching
| Characteristic (categorical) | All patients
|
After 1-to-4 matching
|
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (n=12,173)
|
Dai-kenchu-to (n=518)
|
s.d. | Control (n=1,908)
|
Dai-kenchu-to (n=477)
|
s.d. | |||||
| % | % | % | % | |||||||
|
| ||||||||||
| Sex (male) | 80.1 | 85.9 | -0.134 | 86.6 | 85.5 | 0.032 | ||||
| Fiscal year | ||||||||||
| 2010 | 12.3 | 8.7 | -0.125 | 7.4 | 8.2 | 0.027 | ||||
| 2011 | 16.6 | 9.9 | -0.213 | 10.7 | 9.2 | -0.051 | ||||
| 2012 | 17.8 | 16.4 | -0.031 | 16.3 | 16.6 | 0.007 | ||||
| 2013 | 17.9 | 17.8 | 0.005 | 16.0 | 18.2 | 0.058 | ||||
| 2014 | 19.4 | 24.7 | 0.108 | 25.1 | 24.1 | -0.023 | ||||
| 2015 | 16.0 | 22.6 | 0.185 | 24.4 | 23.7 | -0.016 | ||||
| Seasons at admission | ||||||||||
| Spring | 24.4 | 25.7 | 0.034 | 24.7 | 25.8 | 0.035 | ||||
| Summer | 23.0 | 22.8 | -0.016 | 24.0 | 22.2 | -0.042 | ||||
| Autumn | 23.3 | 22.4 | -0.031 | 24.2 | 22.0 | -0.052 | ||||
| Winter | 29.3 | 29.2 | 0.010 | 27.5 | 30.0 | 0.054 | ||||
| Residential regions | ||||||||||
| Hokkaido and Tohoku | 9.0 | 8.5 | -0.009 | 13.1 | 8.8 | -0.136 | ||||
| Kanto | 28.7 | 37.5 | 0.197 | 31.5 | 36.9 | 0.114 | ||||
| Chubu | 20.3 | 18.9 | -0.022 | 20.6 | 19.7 | -0.022 | ||||
| Kansai | 14.8 | 14.5 | -0.056 | 14.3 | 12.8 | -0.043 | ||||
| Chugoku, Shikoku, Kyushu, and Okinawa | 27.3 | 20.7 | -0.142 | 20.6 | 21.8 | 0.029 | ||||
| Hugh–Jones dyspnea score at admission | ||||||||||
| 1 | 10.0 | 12.2 | 0.081 | 9.5 | 13.0 | 0.111 | ||||
| 2–3 | 31.5 | 26.5 | -0.111 | 31.3 | 27.0 | -0.095 | ||||
| 4–5 | 46.9 | 46.9 | 0.008 | 46.7 | 46.8 | 0.002 | ||||
| Missing | 11.7 | 14.5 | 0.063 | 12.5 | 13.2 | 0.020 | ||||
| ADL at admission (Barthel index) | ||||||||||
| 95–100 | 26.5 | 30.5 | 0.067 | 25.7 | 28.5 | 0.064 | ||||
| 55–90 | 21.6 | 18.5 | -0.078 | 21.8 | 19.1 | -0.066 | ||||
| 0–50 | 35.0 | 35.1 | 0.006 | 35.9 | 36.5 | 0.012 | ||||
| Missing | 16.9 | 15.8 | -0.003 | 16.7 | 15.9 | -0.020 | ||||
| ADL at discharge (Barthel index) | ||||||||||
| 95–100 | 13.8 | 17.8 | 0.078 | 11.7 | 15.7 | 0.118 | ||||
| 55–90 | 20.4 | 18.9 | -0.023 | 19.9 | 19.5 | -0.009 | ||||
| 0–50 | 55.7 | 51.5 | -0.080 | 57.3 | 53.3 | -0.082 | ||||
| Missing | 10.0 | 11.8 | 0.071 | 11.1 | 11.5 | 0.013 | ||||
|
| ||||||||||
| Characteristic (numerical) | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | s.d. | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | s.d. |
|
| ||||||||||
| Age (years) | 82.0 | 4.8 | 82.2 | 4.9 | 0.025 | 82.1 | 4.8 | 82.1 | 4.8 | -0.000 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 20.6 | 3.7 | 20.2 | 3.8 | -0.130 | 20.2 | 3.6 | 20.2 | 3.7 | -0.019 |
| Frequency of COPD exacerbation before admission | 5.4 | 12.1 | 7.9 | 13.3 | 0.218 | 8.1 | 15.5 | 8.3 | 13.7 | -0.002 |
Abbreviations: ADL, activities of daily living; s.d., standardized difference.