Table 2.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants according to the IL6 -174G >C (rs1800795) polymorphism.
| Variables | Total | -174G >C polymorphism | p value∗ | Adjusted p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N=148 | GG (N=96) | C carriers (N=52) | |||
| Clinical, anthropometrical, and body composition variables | |||||
| Age (years) | 39.61 ± 8.62 | 39.54 ± 7.96 | 39.75 ± 9.81 | 0.889 | – |
| Female/male, N (%) | 126 (85.1)/22 (14.9) | 87 (69.0)/9 (40.9) | 39 (31.0)/13 (59.1) | 0.011 † | 0.022 a |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 45.97 ± 6.38 | 45.50 ± 6.28 | 46.84 ± 6.49 | 0.221 | 0.386b |
| Fat mass (kg)1 | 61.24 ± 12.93 | 60.02 ± 11.92 | 63.44 ± 14.45 | 0.130 | 0.219b |
| Fat-free mass (kg)1 | 57.32 ± 9.00 | 56.41 ± 8.03 | 58.95 ± 10.41 | 0.107 | 0.983b |
| SBP (mmHg) | 128.32 ± 17.92 | 125.52 ± 16.08 | 125.44 ± 14.46 | 0.975 | 0.198c |
| DBP (mmHg) | 85.72 ± 13.69 | 83.13 ± 11.28 | 81.00 ± 9.72 | 0.252 | 0.059c |
| Diabetes, N(%) | 41 (27.7) | 27 (28.1) | 14 (26.9) | 0.876† | 0.331d |
| Hypertension, N (%) | 96 (4.8) | 62 (64.6) | 34 (65.4) | 0.922† | 0.549c |
| Dyslipidemia, N (%) | 117 (79.0) | 75 (71.1) | 42 (80.8) | 0.706† | 0.319c |
| Log MVPA (min/week)2 | 44.52 ± 61.04 | 50.77 ± 63.42§ | 32.92 ± 55.11§ | 0.115 | 0.024 e |
| Sedentary time (min/day)2 | 1176.82 ± 83.26 | 1170.42 ± 84.64 | 1188.71 ± 80.14 | 0.216 | 0.230e |
|
| |||||
| Biochemical parameters | |||||
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 110.14 ± 45.34 | 109.48 ± 42.48 | 111.35 ± 50.61 | 0.812 | 0.609d |
| Fasting glucose range, N (%) | 0.230 | 0.174d | |||
| <100 mg/dL | 87 (58.8) | 53 (60,9) | 34 (39.1) | ||
| ≥100 mg/dL | 61 (41.2) | 43 (70.5) | 18 (29.5) | ||
| Fasting insulin (μU/mL) | 23.38 ± 14.79 | 23.49 ± 15.64 | 23.17 ± 13.22 | 0.901 | 0.589d |
| HOMA-IR | 6.40 ± 4.90 | 6.45 ± 5.20 | 6.32 ± 4.33 | 0.887 | 0.464d |
| GHb (%) | 6.29 ± 1.44 | 6.26 ± 1.39 | 6.34 ± 1.54 | 0.755 | 0.792d |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 189.86 ± 37.98 | 188.82 ± 41.36 | 191.79 ± 31.06 | 0.652 | 0.966c |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 47.57 ± 11.33 | 47.83 ± 11.65 | 47.08 ± 10.81 | 0.700 | 0.816c |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 110.03 ± 35.40 | 109.57 ± 38.68 | 110.90 ± 28.50 | 0.830 | 0.943c |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 161.46 ± 78.11 | 156.56 ± 73.11 | 170.50 ± 12.01 | 0.302 | 0.629c |
|
| |||||
| Dietary intake | |||||
| Energy (kcal) | 1699.44 ± 708.99 | 1652.17 ± 683.44 | 1786.71 ± 752.88 | 0.272 | 0.906e |
| Proteins (%) | 17.36 ± 4.59 | 16.97 ± 4.32 | 18.08 ± 5.00 | 0.163 | 0.177e |
| Carbohydrates (%) | 51.57 ± 8.71 | 52.23 ± 8.65 | 50.36 ± 8.78 | 0.216 | 0.186e |
| Lipids (%) | 27.91 ± 6.52 | 28.02 ± 6.20 | 27.71 ± 7.13 | 0.784 | 0.557e |
| Saturated (%) | 8.43 ± 2.71 | 8.51 ± 2.69 | 8.29 ± 2.77 | 0.630 | 0.459e |
| Polyunsaturated (%) | 4.27 ± 1.66 | 4.13 ± 1.65 | 4.53 ± 1.66 | 0.166 | 0.156e |
| Monounsaturated (%) | 7.61 ± 2.61 | 7.35 ± 2.54 | 8.12 ± 2.70 | 0.107 | 0.216e |
| P : S ratio | 0.56 ± 0.29 | 0.53 ± 0.30 | 0.59 ± 0.24 | 0.272 | 0.056e |
| Cholesterol (g) | 219.39 ± 120.29 | 208.14 ± 114.74 | 240.16 ± 128.48 | 0.122 | 0.434e |
| Fiber (g) | 15.17 ± 8.43 | 15.14 ± 7.72 | 15.22 ± 9.67 | 0.952 | 0.424e |
Data are presented as mean ± SD or N (%). BMI: body mass index; HOMA-IR: homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; HbA1c: hemoglobin A1c; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; MVPA: moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; P : S ratio: polyunsaturated : saturated fatty acids ratio. ∗Student's t-test; †chi-squared test. 1N=140; 2N=143. aAdjusted for age, BMI, sedentary time, and diabetes; badjusted for age, gender, sedentary time, and diabetes; cadjusted for age, gender, sedentary time, BMI, and diabetes; dadjusted for age, gender, sedentary time, and BMI; eadjusted for age, gender, BMI, and diabetes; §values were presented backtransformed.