Figure 5. Leptin augmented minute ventilation (V E) at isocapnic hypoxia (10% O2 + 3% CO2) and the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) and the effects were abolished by carotid sinus nerve dissection (CSND) in C57BL/6J mice during quiet wakefulness.
A, V E was calculated as tidal volume per body weight (V T) × respiratory rate (RR) at 10% O2 during saline and leptin continuous infusion (120 μg/day, s.c.) measured before (n = 12) and after (n = 9) CSND. B and C, RR (B) and V T (C) values at the same conditions. D, HVR represents the ratio of a change in V E to a change in the fraction of inspired oxygen (HVR = ΔV E/Δ) at the conditions described above. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 using the Wilcoxon test for paired comparisons and Mann–Whitney test for unpaired comparisons.