Table 1.

Performance of beef heifers subjected to 1) feed and water deprivation for 24 h (FWD), or 2) feed deprivation for 24 h, but regular access to water (FD), or 3) water deprivation for 24 h, but regular access to feed (WD), or 4) regular access to feed and water (CON)¹

Item	CON	FD	FWD	WD	SEM	P-value
BW2, kg
Initial	303	303	303	303	1.01	0.96
Day 0	310	311	311	312	1.01	0.26
Day 1	315a	292b	293b	297c	1.02	<0.01
Day 3	312a	314ab	313ab	316b	1.02	0.03
Day 6	317a	315b	317a	319a	1.01	0.02
Final	322	323	322	324	1.01	0.52
Body weight loss3, %	−1.68a	6.25b	6.00b	5.11c	0.41	<0.01
ADG4, kg	1.25	1.23	1.23	1.36	0.05	0.21
Feed efficiency5, g/kg	145	157	158	162	7	0.34

^a–cWithin rows, values with different superscripts differ (P < 0.05).

¹Treatments were concurrently applied from day 0 to 1. Upon completion of treatment application (day 1), all pens received the same diet offered before treatment application.

²Initial and final body weight was calculated using averaging values from day −6 and −5 and day 9 and 10, respectively.

³Calculated using body weight data from day 0 to 1 follow treatment application.

⁴Calculated using initial (average day −6 and day −5) and final (average day 9 and day 10) heifer body weight within each experimental period.

⁵Calculated using total feed intake and body weight gain of each pen within each experimental unit.