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. 2018 Oct 16;17(1):3–10. doi: 10.3892/ol.2018.9583

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Concept of individualized therapy, drug development and coclinical trials. (A) Tumor graft expansion: PDXs generated from multiple patients or a single patient. (B) Overall preclinical analysis. (C) Preclinical testing of anticancer agents. (D) Establishment of a database to integrate genomic and therapeutic analyses. (E) In coclinical trials, an in vivo model to research suspicious resistance mechanisms in cancer cells may be developed. PDX, patient-derived xenograft.