Table 4.
OR value of cardio-cerebrovascular disease mortality associated with 10 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5 and PM10 in multiple-pollutant models for ethnic Korean Chinese and ethnic Han Chinese in Yanbian North Korea Autonomous Prefecture, China.
| Air Pollutants | Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease | Cardiovascular Disease | Cerebrovascular Disease | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Han a OR (95%CI) c | Korean b OR (95%CI) | Han OR (95%CI) | Korean OR (95%CI) | Han OR (95%CI) | Korean OR (95%CI) | |
| PM2.5 | 1.025 * (1.024–1.027) | 1.024 * (1.022–1.025) | 1.027 * (1.025–1.029) | 1.026 * (1.023–1.028) | 1.026 * (1.024–1.028) d | 1.023 * (1.021–1.025) d |
| +PM10 | 1.142 * (1.137–1.146) | 1.137 * (1.132–1.142) | 1.142 * (1.136–1.149) | 1.139 * (1.132–1.147) | 1.147 * (1.140–1.154) | 1.147 * (1.140–1.154) |
| +SO2 | 1.040 * (1.038–1.042) | 1.039 * (1.037–1.041) | 1.041 * (1.038–1.044) | 1.042 * (1.039–1.046) | 1.040 * (1.037–1.043) | 1.039 * (1.036–1.042) |
| +NO2 | 1.058 * (1.056–1.060) | 1.058 * (1.055–1.060) | 1.060 * (1.057–1.063) | 1.061 * (1.057–1.065) | 1.059 * (1.056–1.063) | 1.057 * (1.053–1.060) |
| +SO2+NO2 | 1.059 * (1.057–1.061) | 1.059 * (1.056–1.061) | 1.060 * (1.057–1.064) | 1.062 * (1.058–1.067) | 1.060 * (1.057–1.064) | 1.058 * (1.054–1.061) |
| +PM10+NO2+SO2 | 1.154 * (1.149–1.158) | 1.150 * (1.145–1.155) | 1.157 * (1.150–1.164) | 1.154 * (1.145–1.162) | 1.158 * (1.151–1.165) | 1.159 * (1.152–1.166) |
| PM10 | 1.012 * (1.011–1.013) | 1.012 * (1.011–1.013) | 1.012 * (1.011–1.013) | 1.012 * (1.011–1.014) | 1.012 * (1.010–1.013) | 1.012 * (1.010–1.013) |
| +PM2.5 | 1.041 * (1.039–1.043) d | 1.050 * (1.047–1.053) d | 1.043 * (1.040–1.046) d | 1.049 * (1.044–1.053) d | 1.040 * (1.037–1.043) d | 1.048 * (1.044–1.052) d |
| +SO2 | 1.015 * (1.014–1.016) | 1.017 * (1.016–1.018) | 1.016 * (1.015–1.018) | 1.017 * (1.015–1.019) | 1.015 * (1.013–1.016) | 1.017 * (1.015–1.018) |
| +NO2 | 1.018 * (1.017–1.019) | 1.020 * (1.019–1.022) | 1.018 * (1.017–1.020) d | 1.021 * (1.019–1.023) d | 1.017 * (1.016–1.019) d | 1.020 * (1.018–1.022) d |
| +SO2+NO2 | 1.018 * (1.017–1.019) d | 1.021 * (1.019–1.022) d | 1.019 * (1.017–1.021) d | 1.022 * (1.020–1.024) d | 1.018 * (1.016–1.019) | 1.020 * (1.019–1.022) |
| +PM2.5+NO2+SO2 | 1.041 * (1.039–1.043) d | 1.050 * (1.047–1.053) d | 1.044 * (1.041–1.047) d | 1.050 * (1.045–1.054) d | 1.040 * (1.037–1.044) d | 1.049 * (1.045–1.053) d |
* p < 0.05; a Ethnic Han Chinese; b Ethnic Korean Chinese; c OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; d The difference of effect estimate in the ethnic Korean Chinese and ethnic Korean Chinese was statistically significant (p < 0.05). PM2.5: particulate matter with a diameter ≤ 2.5 µm; PM10: particulate matter with a diameter ≤ 10 µm.