Table 6.

Estimates of percent increase in mortality for 10 μg/m³ increment of PM_2.5/PM₁₀ in multicity studies.

Study Locations	Reference	Study Period	Exposure	Cardiovascular Mortality
Our study	—	2015–2016	PM2.5 (32.9 ± 28.3)	2.60 (2.50, 2.80)
	—		PM10 (51.2 ± 35.8)	1.20 (1.10, 1.30)
Shenyang, China	[18]	2006–2008	PM2.5 (75 ± 43)	0.53 (0.09, 0.97)
Shanghai, China	[17]	2004–2005	PM2.5 (56.4 ± 1.3)	0.41 (0.01, 0.82)
U.S. Californian 9 cities	[21]	1999–2002	PM2.5 (19.4)	0.60 (0.02, 1.00)
U.S. 27 communities	[32]	1997–2002	PM2.5 (15.7)	1.03 (0.02, 2.04) a
U.S. 112 cities	[22]	1999–2005	PM2.5 (6.7–25)	0.85 (0.46, 1.24)
Japan 20 cities	[33]	2002–2004	PM2.5 (11.8–22.8)	—
Guangzhou, China	[34]	2007–2008	PM2.5 (70.1 ± 34.6)	1.22 (0.63, 1.68)
Europe 30 cities	[35]	1990–1997	PM10 (22.5–76.2)	1.97 (1.38, 2.55)
Shanghai, China	[26]	2001–2004	PM10 (102 ± 65)	0.27 (0.10, 0.44)
Sao Paulo, Brazil	[36]	2000–2011	PM10 (40.8)	0.40 (0.07, 0.73)
Taiwan, China	[37]	2006–2008	PM2.5–10 (21.45)	10.0 (1.0, 21.0)
Shijiazhuang, China	[38]	2013–2015	PM2.5 (117 ± 99)	0.29 (0.10, 0.47)
Shanghai, China	[38]	2013–2015	PM2.5 (56 ± 38)	0.29 (0.04, 0.55)
Wuhan, China	[38]	2013–2015	PM2.5 (79 ± 55)	0.44 (0.05, 0.83)
Guangzhou, China	[38]	2013–2015	PM2.5 (46 ± 25)	1.42 (0.85, 2.00)

^a Stroke.