Table 5.
Item and symptoms from potential problem users: descriptive, and frequency of endorsement across all adaptations for the CIUS.
| Item Number, Symptom According to Meerkerk et al., 2009 [39] and Charlton & Danforth, 2007 [25] |
Descriptive M(SD) | Endorsement f i (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CIUS | CIUS–G | CIUS–SNS | CIUS (n = 176) | CIUS–G (n = 51) | CIUS–SNS (n = 153) | |
| 1—Loss of control–Peripheral | 2.86(0.942) | 2.86(1.02) | 3.08(0.924) | 114(64.8) | 34(66.7) | 112(73.2) |
| 2—Loss of control–Peripheral | 2.91(0.987) | 2.59(1.134) | 3.07(0.926) | 124(70.5) | 28(54.9) | 113(73.9) |
| 3—Conflict–Core | 1.48(1.214) | 1.55(1.301) | 1.73(1.262) | 31(17.6) | 12(23.5) | 38(24.8) |
| 4—Preoccupation–Core | 1.53(1.008) | 1.82(0.974) | 1.25(1.079) | 26(14.8) | 11(21.6) | 18(11.8) |
| 5—Loss of control–Core | 1.85(1.162) | 1.59(1.236) | 1.67(1.261) | 43(24.4) | 13(25.5) | 41(26.8) |
| 6—Preoccupation–Peripheral | 1.70(1.039) | 1.71(1.082) | 2.04(0.973) | 39(22.2) | 9(17.6) | 46(30.1) |
| 7—Preoccupation–Peripheral | 1.9(1.057) | 2.18(1.072) | 1.94(1.04) | 52(29.5) | 19(37.3) | 41(26.8) |
| 8—Conflict–Core | 2.19(1.082) | 2.02(0.99) | 2.46(1.088) | 68(38.6) | 14(27.5) | 77(50.3) |
| 9—Loss of control–Peripheral | 1.56(1.057) | 1.20(1.077) | 1.70(1.181) | 29(16.5) | 7(13.7) | 37(24.2) |
| 10—Conflict–Core | 1.86(1.073) | 1.80(1.114) | 1.85(1.146) | 52(29.5) | 13(25.5) | 43(28.1) |
| 11—Conflict–Core | 1.97(1.146) | 1.67(1.089) | 1.82(1.227) | 53(30.1) | 12(23.5) | 40(26.1) |
| 12—Mood modification–Peripheral | 2.92(0.977) | 2.59(1.268) | 2.95(1.022) | 124(70.5) | 30(58.8) | 113(73.9) |
| 13—Mood modification–Peripheral | 2.48(1.181) | 2.12(1.291) | 2.30(1.22) | 97(55.1) | 20(39.2) | 67(43.8) |
| 14—Withdrawal–Core | 1.89(1.175) | 1.43(1.171) | 1.90(1.134) | 55(31.3) | 11(21.6) | 47(30.7) |
Note: CIUS: Compulsive Internet use scale; CIUS–G: CIUS for gaming; CIUS–SNS: CIUS for social networking sites; M: Mean; SD: Standard deviation; f i: frequency; % is valid percentage; n: Subsample size; and item 5 was moved from ‘Loss of control’ [39] to Conflict by the author, for this reason has been classed as Core symptom [25].