Table 3.
Curcumin-loaded polymeric nanoparticles studied in in vitro and in vivo models of neurodegenerative diseases.
| Disease | Nanoformulation Type | Model/Administration Route | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|
| AD | PLGA 1 nanoparticles | In vitro: SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma cells | Protection against H2O2-induced oxidative damage [70]. |
| AD | PLGA nanoparticles | In vitro: Neural stem cells, In vivo: Aβ 2-amyloid induced rat model of AD-like phenotypes |
Expression of genes involved in neuronal proliferation and differentiation, Reverse learning and memory impairments [73]. |
| AD | PLGA nanoparticles conjugated with Tet-1 peptide | In vitro | Anti-amyloid activity unchanged, decrease of aggregates size [74], Diminution of anti-oxidant activity. |
| AD | PLGA nanoparticles functionalized with glutathione | In vitro: in SK-N-SH cells | Neuronal uptake, Enhanced curcumin action [75,76]. |
| AD | PLGA nanoparticles | In vivo: Rat, IV, oral | Increased CU bioavailability and plasma concentration [77]. |
| AD | PLGA nanoparticles | In vivo: Rat | Prolonged CU retention time in cerebral cortex and hippocampus [78]. |
| AD | Apolipoprotein E3-mediated poly(butyl)cyano acrylate nanoparticles | In vitro: SH-SY5Y cells | Protection against Aβ-induced cytotoxicity [79]. |
| AD | Pegylated poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles with anti-Aβ 1–42 antibody at the surface | In vitro | Inhibition of Aβ aggregation [80]. |
| AD | Spherical (SPNs) or Discoidal (DPNs) polymeric nanocontructs PLGA, DSPE-PEG 3 |
In vitro: Raw 264.7 cells In vitro production of Aβ fibers |
Decrease of the pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages stimulated via Aβ fibers [81] |
| AD | Polymeric nanoparticles (NanoCurcTM) |
In vitro: SK-N-SH differentiated cells In vivo: Mice, parenteral injection |
Protection against H2O2-induced oxidative stress, Downregulation of caspase 3 and 7 activities, mediators of the apoptotic pathway, Increased glutathione levels [82]. |
| AD | Nanocurcumin CU within polyethylene glycol-polylactide diblock polymer micelles |
In vitro In vivo: AD model Tg2576 mice |
Higher curcumin concentration in plasma, 6 times higher area under the curve and mean residence time in brain than ordinary CU, Improved memory function [83]. |
| AD | Nanoemulsion | In vitro: SK-N-SH cell line, Sheep nasal mucosa | Safe for intranasal delivery for brain targeting, Higher flux and permeation across sheep nasal mucosa [84]. |
| Mitochon drial dysfunction in brain aging | Micelles | In vitro: PC12 cells In vivo: NMRI mice; Ex vivo: isolated mouse brain mitochondria | Improved bioavailability of native curcumin around 10- to 40-fold in plasma and brain of mice, Prevention of mitochondrial swelling in isolated mouse brain mitochondria, Protection of PC12 cells from nitrosative stress as compared to free CU [85]. |
| PD | Alginate nanocomposites | In vivo: Drosophila, oral | Reduction of oxidative stress and apoptosis in the brain [86]. |
1 Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid); 2 Aβ-amyloid; 3 Distearoy phosphatidylethanolamine-Polyethylene glycol.