Table 1.
Overview of the unifying conceptual framework of factors influencing cardiac vagal control.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | Biological characteristics | Stable biological characteristics | ||
| Transient biological characteristics | ||||
| Somatic interventions and stimulation methods | Pharmacologic factors | |||
| Vagus nerve stimulation | ||||
| Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation | ||||
| Brain stimulation | Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation | |||
| Transcranial direct current stimulation | ||||
| Transcranial pulsed current stimulation | ||||
| Deep brain stimulation | ||||
| Electroconvulsive therapy | ||||
| Carotid baroreceptors stimulation | ||||
| Esophageal electrostimulation | ||||
| Oxygen inhalation | ||||
| Continuous airway positive pressure | ||||
| Behavioral strategies | Nutrition | Diet | ||
| Beverages | ||||
| Supplementations | ||||
| Non-ingestive oral habits | ||||
| Water immersion | ||||
| Body temperature reduction | ||||
| Sleeping habits | ||||
| Relaxation methods | ||||
| Cognitive techniques | ||||
| Praying | ||||
| Media entertainment | ||||
| Music | ||||
| Exercise | ||||
| Environment | Social environment | Contact with humans | ||
| Contact with animals | ||||
| Physical environment | Aromas | |||
| Lights | ||||
| Sounds (excluding music) | ||||
| Temperature | ||||
| Electromagnetic fields | ||||
| Outdoor environment | ||||
| Altitude | ||||
| Person/Environment | Physical stressors | |||
| Mental stressors | ||||
| Health-related stressors | General mechanisms | Pain | ||
| Inflammation | ||||
| Fatigue | ||||
| Medical conditions | Symptoms | |||
| Syndroms | ||||
| Disorders | Psychopathology/psychiatric disorders | |||
| Eating disorders | ||||
| Functional somatic disorders | ||||
| Breathing disorders | ||||
| Diseases | ||||
| Addictions |