Table 1.

Exosome purification methods.

Methodology	Advantages	Disadvantages	References
Ultracentrifugation	Bulk purification of exosomes is easy	Time consuming, contaminating proteins	[40,41,51]
Density gradient centrifugation	High purity exosome	Loss of exosomes, skillful technique	[7,52,53]
Ultrafiltration	Good exosome yield and quick isolation method	Purity is less	[54,55]
Immunoaffinity method	Exosome enrichment based on exosome standard markers	Biological property could be altered due to alterations in markers on exosomes	[45,56]
PEG isolation	High yield	PEG may affect downstream analysis	[57,58]