Table 3.
Protein biomarkers predictive of treatment response in colorectal cancer obtained by proteomics from human material.
| Biological Sample Type | Proteomic Approach | Treatment | Identified Candidate Biomarkers | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Secretome | LC-MS/MS | Cetuximab + FOLFIRI | Phospho-epidermal growth factor receptor (pEGFR) [P00533] | [60] |
| Serum | 2D-DIGE + LC-MS/MS | Bevacizumab + XELOX or FOLFOX | Apolipoprotein E (APOE) [P02649] *, angiotensinogen (AGT) [P01019] *, D site-binding protein (DBP) [Q10586] | [61] |
| Tumour biopsy | ICPL + LC-MS/MS | NRCT 5-FU/capecitabine ± oxaliplatin | Plectin (PLEC1) [Q15149], transketolase (TKT) [P29401], trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha, mitochondrial (HADHA) [P40939], transgelin-2 (TAGLN) [P37802] * | [62] |
| Tumour biopsy | 2-DIGE + LC-MS | NRCT 5-FU/capecitabine ± oxaliplatin | Fibrinogen ß chain (FGB) [P02675], actin (three isoforms), serpin B5 (SERPINB5) [P36952], serpin B9 (SERPINB9) [P50453], peroxiredoxin-4 (PRDX4) [Q13162] *, cathepsin D (CTSD) [P07339] * | [63] |
| Tumour biopsy | LC-MS/MS | NRCT 5-FU/capecitabine | Caldesmon (CALD1) [Q05682] *, mast cell carboxypeptidase 4 (CPA3) [P15088] *, beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase 5 (B3GALT5) [Q9Y2C3], CD177 antigen (CD177) [Q8N6Q3], receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) [Q13546] *, dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) [Q12882], NDUF proteins (complex 1 of the mitochondrial respiratory chain) *, ribosomal proteins (small/large subunits) * | [34] |
LC-MS/MS: Liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry; 2D-DIGE: Two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis; FOLFIRI: 5-fluorouracil and irinotecan; XELOX: Capécitabine (Xeloda®) and oxaliplatin; FOLFOX: 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin; ICPL: Isotope-coded protein label; NRCT: Neoadjuvant radio-chemotherapy; 5-FU: 5-fluorouracil. (*) Proteins identified in Zhang’s proteogenomic study [29].