Figure 3.

Catestatin (CST) peptide treatment ameliorates DSS-induced colitis. C57BL6 mice were given 5% DSS solution in their drinking water to induce colitis. Control mice received water without dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Preventive CST (1.5 mg/kg/day) peptides treatment or phosphate buffer saline (1× PBS) started 1 day before colitis induction and lasted for 5 days. (A) Weight loss, stool consistency, and blood in stool; (B) macroscopic score; (C) histologic scores; and (D) hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained colonic sections (100× magnifications) on day five after administration of DSS and control groups. Two-way repeated measures or One-way ANOVA followed by multiple comparison tests were used to analyze the data. Each value represents the mean ± SEM, n = 7–10 mice/group. ^# p < 0.0001 compared to control water groups.