Figure 9.

Catestatin (CST) enhances migration, proliferation, and viability of a colonic cell line in inflammatory conditions. Caco-2 cells were pretreated with 1× phosphate buffer saline (PBS) or CST (100 ng/mL) for 24 h, then challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 μg/mL) or 5% DSS) for an additional 24 h in the presence or absence of a STAT3 inhibitor (10⁻⁵ M, STATTIC; Sigma, Mississauga, ON, Canada). (A,B) Epithelial cell migration assessed by the wound healing assay, intestinal epithelial cell proliferation, and epithelial cell viability assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazolyl-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay; (C) Epithelial cells oxidative stress assay show survival data from cultures treated with normal medium (control) or 200 mmol/L H₂O₂ in the presence or absence of a STAT3 inhibitor (10⁻⁵ M, STATTIC; Sigma, Mississauga, ON, Canada). One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data followed by multiple comparison tests. Data represent mean ± SEM (n = 6). ^# Compared to control groups. Each experiment was repeated at least three times.