TABLE 2.
Five-year relative survival of pediatric brain and central nervous system cancer overall and by race/ethnicity, United States, cases diagnosed during 2001–2008
| Total | White, Non-Hispanic N = 7 506 | Black, Non-Hispanic N = 1 378 | Hispanic N = 1 951 | Other, Non-Hispanic N = 467 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | No. | RS(95%CI) | No. | RS (95% Cl) | No. | RS(95%CI) | No. | RS(95%CI) | No. | RS(95%CI) |
| Total | 11 302 | 75.5 (74.7–76.3) | 7 506 | 77.6(76.6–78.5) | 1378 | 69.8 (67.3–72.1) | 1 951 | 72.9(70.8–74.8) | 467 | 71.2(66.9–75.1) |
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Male | 6 153 | 75.2(74.1–76.3) | 4 151 | 77.3 (76.0–78.6) | 715 | 67.9(64.3–71.2) | 1 048 | 72.2(69.4–74.8) | 239 | 74.3 (68.2–79.3) |
| Female | 5 149 | 75.9 (74.7–77.1) | 3 355 | 77.9 (76.4–79.2) | 663 | 71.8(68.2–75.1) | 903 | 73.6(70.6–76.4) | 228 | 68.1(61.6–73.7) |
| Age (years) | ||||||||||
| 0–4 | 3 687 | 70.2 (68.7–71.6) | 2 289 | 72.8(71.0–74.6) | 469 | 63.4(58.9–67.6) | 772 | 67.4 (63.9–70.5) | 157 | 65.1(57.1–72.0) |
| 5–9 | 2 818 | 76.8 (75.2–78.4) | 1 867 | 78.5 (76.5–80.3) | 360 | 70.1(65.0–74.5) | 483 | 75.2(71.1–78.8) | 108 | 78.7(69.8–85.3) |
| 10–14 | 2 560 | 80.1(78.5–81.6) | 1 765 | 81.7 (79.8–83.5) | 291 | 73.4 (67.9–78.1) | 390 | 79.3(75.0–83.0) | 114 | 73.8 (64.7–80.9) |
| 15–19 | 2 237 | 77.6(75.8–79.2) | 1 585 | 78.7(76.5–80.6) | 258 | 76.8 (71.1–81.5) | 306 | 74.8 (69.5–79.3) | 88 | 69.5 (58.7–78.0) |
| US census region | ||||||||||
| Northeast | 2 545 | 76.7 (75.0–78.3) | 1 864 | 77.5 (75.5–79.3) | 264 | 73.0 (67.1–77.9) | 326 | 74.1 (68.9–78.5) | 91 | 81.4(71.7–88.0) |
| Midwest | 2 495 | 77.5 (75.8–79.1) | 1 947 | 79.2(77.4–81.0) | 257 | 73.8 (67.9–78.8) | 226 | 70.9(64.5–76.4) | 65 | 61.7 (48.7–72.3) |
| South | 3 332 | 74.7(73.2–76.1) | 2 195 | 77.3 (75.4–79.0) | 716 | 65.8 (62.1–69.1) | 360 | 77.1(72.4–81.1) | 61 | 72.2(59.1–81.7) |
| West | 2 930 | 73.8 (72.2–75.4) | 1 500 | 75.9 (73.6–78.0) | 141 | 76.8 (68.9–83.0) | 1 039 | 71.4 (68.6–74.1) | 250 | 69.8(63.6–75.1) |
| Economic status by countya | ||||||||||
| Bottom 25% | 1 457 | 73.0 (70.7–75.2) | 794 | 76.3(73.1–79.1) | 272 | 68.3(62.4–73.5) | 334 | 69.6(64.3–74.2) | 57 | 70.4(56.7–80.6) |
| 25–75% | 6 723 | 75.7 (74.7–76.7) | 4 282 | 77.8 (76.5–79.0) | 908 | 70.0(66.9–72.9) | 1 277 | 73.7(71.2–76.1) | 256 | 71.2(65.2–76.4) |
| Top 25% | 2 806 | 75.7(74.1–77.3) | 2 152 | 77.0 (75.1–78.7) | 188 | 70.9(63.8–76.9) | 326 | 72.2 (67.0–76.7) | 140 | 70.8 (62.5–77.6) |
| Stage | ||||||||||
| Localized | 8 273 | 79.9 (79.0–80.7) | 5 556 | 81.7 (80.7–82.7) | 1011 | 73.6 (70.7–76.2) | 1 361 | 78.3 (76.0–80.4) | 345 | 74.6(69.7–78.9) |
| Regional | 1 371 | 63.2 (60.6–65.7) | 856 | 66.1 (62.9–69.2) | 158 | 55.3 (47.1–62.6) | 302 | 59.4 (53.6–64.7) | 55 | 61.9 (47.8–73.3) |
| Distant | 808 | 51.7(48.2–55.1) | 534 | 52.0 (47.7–56.1) | 88 | 48.0 (37.2–58.0) | 145 | 52.5 (44.1–60.3) | 41 | 53.7(37.5–67.5) |
| Unknown | 850 | 75.9 (72.9–78.7) | 560 | 78.2(74.5–81.4) | 121 | 72.9 (64.0–80.0) | 143 | 70.1(61.8–76.9) | 26 | 73.2 (51.7–86.3) |
| Anatomic site | ||||||||||
| Lobe | 2 348 | 75.9(74.1–77.6) | 1 579 | 77.9(75.7–79.9) | 292 | 70.1(64.5–75.1) | 372 | 73.5 (68.7–77.7) | 105 | 69.6(59.8–77.5) |
| Cerebrum | 915 | 62.4(59.2–65.5) | 591 | 65.1(61.1–68.8) | 130 | 53.2(44.3–61.4) | 161 | 60.4(52.4–67.5) | 33 | 60.7 (42.0–75.0) |
| Ventricle | 642 | 73.5 (69.9–76.8) | 411 | 77.3(72.9–81.1) | 71 | 70.7(58.5–79.8) | 135 | 67.5 (58.9–74.7) | 25 | 52.1(31.3–69.3) |
| Cerebellum | 2 956 | 82.3 (80.9–83.7) | 1 992 | 83.7(82.0–85.3) | 317 | 80.4(75.5–84.4) | 516 | 79.8 (76.0–83.0) | 131 | 75.7 (67.4–82.2) |
| Brainstem | 1 438 | 67.0 (64.5–69.4) | 952 | 69.2 (66.2–72.1) | 164 | 60.6(52.6–67.6) | 267 | 63.8 (57.7–69.2) | 55 | 63.7 (49.6–74.9) |
| Other brain | 2 083 | 75.6 (73.7–77.4) | 1 342 | 77.2 (74.9–79.4) | 286 | 68.8 (63.0–73.9) | 374 | 74.4 (69.7–78.6) | 81 | 78.0 (67.3–85.6) |
| Other CNS | 920 | 80.5 (77.8–83.0) | 639 | 82.4(79.2–85.1) | 118 | 73.2 (64.1–80.3) | 126 | 78.7 (70.4–84.9) | 37 | 78.5 (61.5–88.7) |
| Histologyb | ||||||||||
| Pilocytic astrocytoma | 3 480 | 96.7(96.0–97.2) | 2 423 | 97.2 (96.5–97.8) | 409 | 94.4(91.6–96.3) | 538 | 95.5 (93.3–97.0) | 110 | 98.3(92.8–99.6) |
| Diffuse astrocytoma | 1 196 | 82.6 (80.3–84.7) | 825 | 83.6 (80.8–85.9) | 142 | 75.7(67.7–82.0) | 185 | 82.8(76.6–87.6) | 44 | 86.6(72.2–93.8) |
| Anaplastic astrocytoma | 355 | 27.4(22.9–32.1) | 226 | 29.3 (23.5–35.3) | 49 | 20.5(10.6–32.7) | - | 26.5 (16.7–37.3) | - | - |
| Unique astrocytoma variants | 213 | 77.2 (70.9–82.3) | 132 | 77.4 (69.3–83.7) | 39 | 79.7(63.3–89.4) | - | 73.8(56.7–85.0) | - | - |
| Glioblastoma | 541 | 20.8 (17.5–24.3) | 325 | 21.6 (17.3–26.2) | 96 | 15.7(9.3–23.7) | 87 | 24.2(15.8–33.6) | 33 | 18.2 (7.4–32.9) |
| Oligodendroglioma | 281 | 94.5 (91.0–96.7) | 200 | 95.2(91.0–97.4) | 37 | 92.1(76.9–97.4) | - | 94.8(80.5–98.7) | - | - |
| Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma | 52 | 46.3 (32.4–59.1) | 33 | 54.7 (36.4–69.8) | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Oligoastrocytic tumors | 173 | 80.6 (73.8–85.8) | 132 | 79.8 (71.8–85.7) | - | - | 20 | 85.1(60.3–95.0) | - | - |
| Ependymal tumors | 988 | 75.3 (72.4–77.8) | 604 | 79.6 (76.2–82.6) | 127 | 69.5 (60.7–76.8) | 207 | 64.4(57.4–70.5) | 50 | 82.1(68.3–90.3) |
| Glioma malignant, not otherwise specified | 548 | 68.4 (64.3–72.1) | 382 | 71.1 (66.2–75.4) | 65 | 60.1(47.2–70.9) | 82 | 64.7 (53.3–74.0) | 19 | 58.0 (33.2–76.3) |
| Choroid plexus tumors | 105 | 60.2 (50.2–68.9) | 56 | 60.9 (46.9–72.3) | - | - | 34 | 70.7 (52.3–83.1) | - | - |
| Neuronal and mixed neuronal glial tumors | 97 | 79.6 (70.0–86.3) | 64 | 79.8 (67.7–87.8) | 18 | 83.5 (56.7–94.4) | - | - | - | |
| Medulloblastoma | 1 680 | 72.0 (69.8–74.1) | 1 124 | 72.5 (69.8–75.0) | 162 | 74.3 (66.8–80.4) | 312 | 69.7 (64.2–74.4) | 82 | 69.6 (58.4–78.4) |
| Peripheral neuroectodermal tumor | 558 | 49.6 (45.3–53.6) | 340 | 52.4 (47.0–57.6) | 67 | 34.4(23.4–45.8) | 122 | 53.4(44.1–61.7) | 29 | 34.5(18.2–51.5) |
| Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor | 288 | 27.5 (22.5–32.8) | 178 | 29.9 (23.3–36.7) | 42 | 16.8 (7.4–29.5) | - | 31.0(19.4–43.3) | - | - |
| Other embryonal tumors | 227 | 70.3 (63.9–75.8) | 144 | 72.5 (64.3–79.0) | 38 | 58.3 (41.0–72.1) | - | 75.2 (58.6–85.9) | - | - |
| Tumors of meninges | 114 | 62.4 (52.8–70.6) | 82 | 58.7 (47.2–68.5) | - | ~ | 17 | 64.8 (37.7–82.4) | - | - |
| Germ cell tumors and cysts | 307 | 84.6 (80.0–88.2) | 175 | 83.6 (77.2–88.4) | 26 | 92.4(72.5–98.1) | 74 | 82.6 (71.8–89.5) | 32 | 87.5(70.1–95.1) |
| Unclassified tumors | 69 | 56.7 (44.2–67.4) | 45 | 57.9 (42.2–70.7) | 16 | 62.7 (34.9–81.3) | - | - | - | - |
CI, confidence interval; CNS, central nervous system; RS, relative survival.
Data were compiled from 34 population-based registries that participate in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Program of Cancer Registries, and meet high-quality data criteria. The registries in the Survival Analysis Dataset cover approximately 67% of the US population. For more information, see US Cancer Statistics technical notes (http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/npcr/uscs/technical_notes/stat_methods/survival.htm).
Suppresses any cell with <16 cases. Per National Program of Cancer Registries complementary cell suppression rules—counts for one or more additional cells must be suppressed if a single cell is suppressed.
Bold indicates nonoverlapping 95% CIs when comparing non-Hispanic white to non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, or other, non-Hispanic.
a
Excludes 316 missing cases.
b
Excludes histology categories with <16 cases