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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Oct 26;220(1):87.e1–87.e13. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2018.10.031

Appendix B.

Average Change in Daily Urinary Incontinence Frequency of Incontinence after 3 Months, by Intervention Assignment, Among Participants Completing the Intervention

Yoga Group Control Group P-Value for Between-Group Difference
Absolute change (95% CI) Percent change (95% CI) Absolute change (95% CI) Percent change (95% CI) Absolute change Percent change
Incontinence frequency
 Total (any) incontinence −2.8 (−3.7, −2.0) −75% (−90%, −61%) −1.8 (−2.7, −0.9) −56% (−72%, −40%) 0.09 0.07
 Stress-type incontinence −0.8 (−1.3, −0.4) −62% (−79%, −44%) −0.3 (−0.8, 0.1) −37% (−55%, −19%) 0.13 0.06
 Urgency-type incontinence −1.8 (−2.6, −0.9) −33% (−94%, 26%) −1.6 (−2.5, −0.7) −22% (−94%, 26%) 0.76 0.80
 Total daytime incontinence −2.5 (−3.3, −1.8) −72% (−81%, −62%) −1.6 (−2.4, −0.7) −55% (−81%, −62%) 0.09 0.02
 Total nighttime incontinence −0.3 (−0.5, −0.1) −37% (−55%, −18%) −0.2 (−0.4, 0.0) −24% (−44%, −4.0%) 0.62 0.36
*

For incontinence frequency outcomes, absolute change is presented as change in the number of incontinence episodes per day, and percent change is presented as percent change from baseline. Least square mean estimates and confidence intervals were derived from analysis of covariance models. Only participants who completed the 3-month intervention and provided 3-month follow-up data are included in these exploratory “per protocol” analyses.