Table 1. Baseline characteristics of ALD cohort and comparator cohort with other severe comorbidities.
| Characteristic | Characteristic | ALD cohort n=2463 |
Comorbid cohort n=3590 |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | Median (IQR) | 53 (45, 61) | 68 (59, 76) | <0.001 |
| Sex | Female | 877 (35.6%) | 1681 (46.8%) | <0.001 |
| Socioeconomic status quintile | 1 Least deprived | 225 (9.1%) | 395 (11.0%) | <0.001 |
| Quintiles 2 to 4 | 1197 (48.6%) | 2256 (62.8%) | ||
| 5 Most deprived | 1041 (42.3%) | 939 (26.2%) | ||
| Comorbidity count | 0 | 1958 (79.5%) | 2323 (64.7%) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 385 (15.6%) | 852 (23.7%) | ||
| 2+ | 120 (4.9%) | 415 (11.6%) | ||
| Previous year inpatient hospital admissions | Mean (SD) | 1.6 (2.5) | 1.4 (2.1) | 0.002 |
| Previous year inpatient days in hospital | Mean (SD) | 11.0 (21.8) | 10.2 (23.2) | 0.19 |
| Admission source | Theatre after emergency surgery | 385 (15.7%) | 866 (24.1%) | <0.001 |
| Emergency department | 524 (21.3%) | 736 (20.5%) | ||
| Hospital ward | 771 (31.4%) | 1117 (31.1%) | ||
| Other | 779 (31.7%) | 869 (24.2%) | ||
| ICU admission diagnosis | Cardiovascular | 446 (18.1%) | 1144 (31.9%) | <0.001 |
| Respiratory | 548 (22.2%) | 1268 (35.3%) | ||
| Gastrointestinal | 1028 (41.7%) | 700 (19.5%) | ||
| Renal | 31 (1.3%) | 133 (3.7%) | ||
| Neurological | 281 (11.4%) | 128 (3.6%) | ||
| Trauma | 55 (2.2%) | 91 (2.5%) | ||
| Other | 74 (3.0%) | 126 (3.5%) | ||
| Acute Physiology Score | Median (IQR) | 18.3 (7.9) | 16.3 (6.8) | <0.001 |
| APACHE II score | Median (IQR) | 23.3 (8.1) | 25.5 (7.1) | <0.001 |
| Number of organ systems supported on ICU admission | 0 | 377 (15.3%) | 804 (22.4%) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 1050 (42.6%) | 1383 (38.5%) | ||
| 2 | 860 (34.9%) | 1217 (33.9%) | ||
| 3 | 176 (7.1%) | 186 (5.2%) | ||
| Mechanical ventilation | n (%) | 1908 (77.6%) | 2397 (67.1%) | <0.001 |
| Circulatory support | n (%) | 1145 (46.5%) | 1596 (44.7%) | 0.16 |
| Renal replacement therapy | n (%) | 245 (10.0%) | 382 (10.7%) | 0.35 |
| Liver SOFA score | 0 | 441 (20.8%) | 2294 (77.3%) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 295 (13.9%) | 405 (13.6%) | ||
| 2 | 793 (37.4%) | 229 (7.7%) | ||
| 3 | 354 (16.7%) | 27 (0.9%) | ||
| 4 | 237 (11.2%) | 14 (0.5%) | ||
| Missing | 343 (13.9%) | 621 (17.3%) | ||
| ICU length of stay (days) | Median (IQR) | 2.7 (1.0, 7.4) | 2.2 (1.0, 5.4) | <0.001 |
| Index hospital length of stay (days) | Median (IQR) | 12 (5, 29) | 14 (6, 31) | <0.001 |
| ICU mortality | n (%) | 1087 (44.1%) | 1308 (36.4%) | <0.001 |
| Hospital mortality | n (%) | 1448 (58.8%) | 1791 (49.9%) | <0.001 |
Missing data: admission source n=6, organ support variables n=26, APS n=398, APACHE II score n=38. Abbreviations: IQR interquartile range; APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment. For comparisons between ALD and comorbid comparator cohort, a count of comorbidities excluded the index comorbidity (e.g. ALD cohort members could not have ‘liver disease’ as a comorbidity).