Figure 4.

Ad libitum food intake is unaffected by ablation or acute inhibition of NTS PPG neurons. Cumulative (A) and noncumulative (B) food intake of control and PPG-ablated (DTA) mice in the first 4 h of the dark phase. Data are given as the mean ± SEM; n = 7 (control), n = 6 (DTA). n.s., not significant. A: No significant time × virus interaction (F(2,22) = 0.5406, P = 0.5900) and no significant main effect of virus (F(1,11) = 0.012, P = 0.91). B: No significant time × virus interaction (F(2,22) = 0.834, P = 0.4476) and no significant main effect of virus (F(1,11) = 0.1472, P = 0.7085). C: Cre-dependent expression of hM₄Di and EGFP as control in the NTS of Glu-Cre/GCaMP3 mice. Scale bar, 100 μm. Bottom left: Schematic of bilateral injections. Bottom right: Representative voltage-clamp recording (top) and summary data (bottom) of hM₄Di-expressing PPG neurons in ex vivo slice preparation superfused with CNO (1 μmol/L). Data are given as the mean ± SEM; n = 5. *P < 0.05 (paired t test). Cumulative (D) and noncumulative (E) food intake of hM₄Di-expressing mice injected with saline or CNO (2 mg/kg i.p.; 30 min prior to dark onset) in the first 4 h of the dark phase. Data are given as the mean ± SEM; n = 12. D: No significant main effect of virus (F(1,21) = 1.19, P = 0.29) or drug (F(1,21) = 0.002, P = 0.96). E: No significant main effect of virus (F(1,20) = 0.11, P = 0.75) or drug (F(1,20) = 0.045, P = 0.83). Data from mice expressing control virus (Supplementary Fig. 4) are included in the analysis. n.s., not significant.