Fig. 5.

LeX mimetics trigger cell signaling that is required for neurite outgrowth and neuronal survival. a, b Cerebellar granule cells were pretreated with different inhibitors of signal transducing molecules. Shown are inhibitors (KT 5720 (PKA), HBDDE (PKC), TBCA (CKII), Erk inhibitor III (Erk), PP121 (Src), 1-naphthyl PP1 (Fyn), bpV(HOpic) (PTEN)) versus cells not treated with inhibitor (control, black bars). After exposure to the inhibitors, cells were treated with the linear LeX glycomimetic peptide (LeX) (80 μM) or with LeX mimetic compounds (1 nM). a Bar diagram shows the average percentage ofviable cells (mean + SEM, 48 images captured from 12 wells carried out in four independent experiments) that were stressed with H₂O₂. b Bar diagram shows average longest neurite lengths (300 neurons from six wells out of three independent experiments, mean + SEM). Asterisks signify differences between cells only treated with the mimetics (control, black bars) and cells pretreated with the inhibitors as determined by oneway ANOVA with Fisher’s PLSD test (a F =3.542, p < 0.0001; b F = 9.505, p <0.0001; PLSD *p <0.05)