Figure 1.

Principle of super-resolution geometric barcoding. a) Schematic of DNA nanostructures for super-resolution geometric barcoding. Immobilized single-molecule miRNA targets anchored on a DNA origami nano-array display single-stranded docking sites for DNA- PAINT super-resolution fluorescence microscopy readout, with repeated transient hybridization of imager strands. b) Left, schematic of DNA origami nanostructures for the 8-plex assay, in which each open gray circle represents a staple strand functionalized as a boundary marker and rainbow-colored dots represent anchor strands for different miRNA targets. Right, representative DNA-PAINT super-resolution images, pre-incubation (top) and post-incubation (bottom), without (left) and with (right) software-automated barcoding and alignment marks. Scale bar = 20 nm.