Table 2.

Body Composition and Physical Function Measures at Baseline and Month Six for Treatment (N = 16) and Placebo (N = 15) Groups

Measure	Baseline	Month 6	Change within groupa	Time × Treatment (unadjusted)b	Time × Treatment Adjusted for 25(OH)Db
Body Weight (kg)   •   Treatment   •  Placebo	85.4 ± 14.8 79.9 ± 16.3	86.4 ± 14.5 80.5 ± 16.1	p = 0.063 p = 0.246	p = 0.610	p = 0.336
BMI (kg/m2)   •   Treatment   •   Placebo	29.4 ± 4.5 27.5 ± 4.0	29.7 ± 4.3 27.7 ± 3.9	p = 0.073 p = 0.406	p = 0.506	p = 0.220
BODPOD FFM (kg)   •   Treatment   •   Placebo	52.7 ± 12.0 49.0 ± 12.6	54.3 ± 12.7 48.7 ± 11.7	p = 0.012 p = 0.622	p = 0.021	p = 0.004
DXA bone-free lean mass (kg)   •   Treatment   •   Placebo	49.2 ± 10.0 46.8 ± 11.3	50.3 ± 10.7 46.7 ± 10.9	p = 0.003 p = 0.688	p = 0.009	p = 0.005
4-Compartment Model FFM (kg)   •   Treatment   •   Placebo	51.9 ± 11.4 48.5 ± 11.0	52.9 ± 11.9 48.4 ± 11.4	p = 0.023 p = 0.745	p = 0.068	p = 0.036
DXA Arm Lean (kg)   •   Treatment   •   Placebo	5.6 ± 1.6 5.0 ± 1.9	5.8 ± 1.7 5.1 ± 1.8	p = 0.011 p = 0.682	p = 0.035	p = 0.007
DXA Leg Lean (kg)   •   Treatment   •   Placebo	16.8 ± 3.9 15.4 ± 4.0	17.2 ± 4.0 15.8 ± 4.1	p = 0.024 p = 0.025	p = 0.802	p = 0.949
Thigh muscle volume (cm2)   •   Treatment   •   Placebo	602.2 ± 141.3 549.1 ± 134.6	602.3 ± 132.9 546.8 ± 132.8	p = 0.892 p = 0.766	p = 0.744	p = 0.598
Up-and-go test (s)   •   Treatment   •   Placebo	5.60 ± 1.79 5.33 ± 0.83	5.54 ± 1.61 5.15 ± 0.87	p = 0.881 p = 0.287	p = 0.508	p = 0.322
25-ft timed walk test (s)   •   Treatment   •   Placebo	4.06 ± 0.92 3.84 ± 0.70	4.01 ± 1.08 3.94 ± 0.46	p = 0.677 p = 0.428	p = 0.394	p = 0.497
Timed stair climb (s)   •   Treatment   •   Placebo	5.428 ± 1.978 4.555 ± 0.768	4.858 ± 1.662 4.607 ± 0.796	p = 0.002 p = 0.777	p = 0.016	p = 0.047
25-hydroxyvitamin D (ng/ml)   •   Treatment Group (N = 15)   •   Placebo Group (N = 14)	29.8 ± 8.6 32.5 ± 8.6	30.7 ± 7.8 32.1 ± 9.5	p = 0.529 p = 0.717	p = 0.475

Mean ± SD ; BMI = body mass index, FFM = fat-free mass

^apaired t-tests

^bRM-ANOVA