Fig. 3. NISs suppress the mortality induced by other phenolic EDCs.

(A) Chemical structures of non-EDCs and phenolic EDCs. (B–E) Effects of NISs on chemical toxicant-induced mortality. For NaN₃ and BPA, total exposure period was 24 h at 25°C. For EtOH and B4HB, worms were treated for 1 h at 25°C. Standard deviation bars were calculated from at least three independent experiments (n > 300). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; N.S. (Not statistically significant).