Figure 1.

Effects of carnosic acid (CA) on the expression of phosphorylated AMPK and ACC in liver tissue. The expression of phosphorylated AMPK (A) and ACC (B) were measured by Western blot analysis. Values are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD) of the ratio between pAMPK and AMPK. Bars with letters (a, b, c, and d) are significantly different from each other, as determined by Duncan’s multiple range test (p < 0.05, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001). SHAM—sham-operated; OVX—ovariectomized; ND—normal diet; HFD—high fat diet; CA—carnosic acid.