Table 3.
Type III TA systems in members of the human gastrointestinal microbiota.
| Strain | Family | Length T/A (Repeat) | Related Functions or Diseases |
|---|---|---|---|
| Marvinbryantia formatexigens DSM 14469 | toxIN | 172/34 (2.9) | Acetogenesis [117,118] |
| toxIN | 182/38 (2.1) | ||
| cptIN | 161/47 (2) | ||
| cptIN | 66/45 (2) | ||
| Clostridium hiranonis DSM 13275 | cptIN | 157/45 (2.2) | Colorectal cancer Gastric cancer [121,122,123,132] |
| tenpIN | 158/55 (2.1) | ||
| Clostridium nexile DSM 1787 | toxIN | 129/38 (2.2) | |
| Clostridium sp. HGF2 | toxIN | 139/46 (2.1) | |
| cptIN | 161/47 (2.2) | ||
| Coprobacillus sp. 29_1 | toxIN | 163/38 (2.2) | Irritable bowel syndrome [124] |
| Coprococcus catus GD/7 | cptIN | 160/46 (2.2) | Irritable bowel syndrome Obesity [124,143,144] |
| Coprococcus sp. ART55/1 | toxIN | 181/37 (3.4) | |
| Eubacterium rectale ATCC 33656 | cptIN | 162/45 (2.1) | Inflammatory bowel disease Diabetes Macular degeneration Obesity [125,126,127,145,146] |
| cptIN | 158/46 (2.2) | ||
| Eubacterium rectale DSM 17629 | toxIN | 201/38 (2.1) | |
| cptIN | 162/45 (2.1) | ||
| Eubacterium rectale M104/1 | toxIN | 201/38 (2.1) | |
| Eubacterium ventriosum ATCC 27560 | cptIN | 162/46 (2.2) | |
| Fusobacterium sp. 2_1_31 | cptIN | 159/40 (2.9) | Inflammatory bowel disease Colorectal cancer Gastric cancer [128,129,130,131,132] |
| Fusobacterium sp. 3_1_33 | cptIN | 158/41 (3) | |
| tenpIN | 140/41 (3) | ||
| Fusobacterium sp. 3_1_36A2 | tenpIN | 144/53 (2.1) | |
| Fusobacterium sp. 3_1_5R | toxIN | 174/39 (2) | |
| toxIN | 178/38 (3.3) | ||
| toxIN | 189/35 (3.2) | ||
| Fusobacterium sp. 4_1_13 | toxIN | 179/39 (2) | |
| tenpIN | 144/53 (2.1) | ||
| Fusobacterium sp. 7_1 | cptIN | 156/40 (3.1) | |
| Fusobacterium sp. D11 | cptIN | 158/40 (3.1) | |
| Fusobacterium sp. D12 | toxIN | 173/39 (2) | |
| Fusobacterium ulcerans ATCC 49185 | toxIN | 166/35 (3.2) | |
| Lachnospiraceae bacterium 2_1_46FAA | toxIN | 163/38 (3) | Colorectal cancer Crohn’s disease Obesity [133,134,135,136,137,143,144] |
| toxIN | 163/38 (3.2) | ||
| Lachnospiraceae bacterium 4_1_37FAA | toxIN | 163/38 (3.2) | |
| Lachnospiraceae bacterium 5_1_63FAA | cptIN | 162/46 (2.2) | |
| Lachnospiraceae bacterium 8_1_57FAA | toxIN | 163/38 (3.2) | |
| Lachnospiraceae bacterium 9_1_43BFAA | cptIN | 54/45 (2.2) | |
| Lactobacillus helveticus DSM 20075 | toxIN | 124/37 (1.9) | Immune enhancement [44,138,139,140] Antitumor |
| Phascolarctobacterium sp. YIT 12067 | cptIN | 162/46 (2.1) | ATP synthesis [119,120] |
| Roseburia intestinalis M50/1 | toxIN | 146/39 (3.2) | Colorectal cancer Crohn’s disease [133,134,135,136,137,145,146] Diabetes |
| Roseburia intestinalis XB6B4 | toxIN | 166/39 (3.2) | |
| Ruminococcus lactaris ATCC 29176 | cptIN | 162/46 (2.2) | Rheumatoid arthritis, Colorectal cancer, Crohn’s disease, obesity Macular degeneration [125,126,127,133,134,135,136,137,147] |
| Ruminococcus sp. 5_1_39B_FAA | toxIN | 178/36 (2.1) | |
| Ruminococcustorques ATCC 27756 | toxIN | 163/38 (3.2) | |
| Ruminococcus torques L2-14 | cptIN | 162/46 (2.2) |
* The gastrointestinal microbiota contains 23 toxIN, 18 cptIN and 4 tenpIN loci among the 45 total type III TA systems. ‘Length’ refers to the number of amino acids of toxin and the number of nucleotides of antitoxin.