Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the sample in dietary patterns, adherence to the MD, perceived loneliness, and stress.
| Variable/Characteristics (n = 527) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary patterns | Fruit or fruit juice daily | No | 111 (21.1%) |
| Yes | 416 (78.9%) | ||
| Second serving of fruit daily | No | 260 (49.3%) | |
| Yes | 267 (50.7%) | ||
| Fresh or cooked vegetables daily | No | 173 (32.8%) | |
| Yes | 354 (67.2%) | ||
| Fresh or cooked vegetables >1/day | No | 306 (58.1%) | |
| Yes | 221 (41.9%) | ||
| Regular fish consumption (at least 2–3/week) | No | 200 (38%) | |
| Yes | 327 (62%) | ||
| Fast-food (hamburger) restaurant >1 week | No | 368 (69.8%) | |
| Yes | 159 (30.2%) | ||
| Pulse consumption >1/week | No | 181 (34.3%) | |
| Yes | 346 (65.7%) | ||
| Pasta or rice almost daily (≥5/week) | No | 216 (41%) | |
| Yes | 311 (59%) | ||
| Cereal or cereal product for breakfast | No | 210 (39.8%) | |
| Yes | 317 (60.2%) | ||
| Regular nut consumption (at least 2–3/week) | No | 252 (47.8%) | |
| Yes | 275 (52.2%) | ||
| Use of olive oil at home | No | 34 (6.5%) | |
| Yes | 493 (93.5%) | ||
| No breakfast | No | 387 (73.4%) | |
| Yes | 140 (26.6%) | ||
| Dairy product for breakfast | No | 175 (33.2%) | |
| Yes | 352 (66.8%) | ||
| Commercially baked goods or pastries for breakfast | No | 368 (69.8%) | |
| Yes | 159 (30.2%) | ||
| Two yogurts and/or 40 g cheese daily | No | 313 (59.4%) | |
| Yes | 214 (40.6%) | ||
| Sweets and candy several times a day | No | 451 (85.6%) | |
| Yes | 76 (14.4%) | ||
| Adherence to the MD | Low adherence to the MD | 103 (19.5%) | |
| Medium adherence to the MD | 197 (37.4%) | ||
| High adherence to the MD | 227 (43.1%) | ||
| Perceived Loneliness | 3.35 ± 0.89 | ||
| Stress | 8.93 ± 2.67 | ||