Table 2.
Effects of SM or placebo in endothelial damage indicators in patients with systemic arterial hypertension (SAH). Values are shown as mean of 8 subjects per treatment group (SM or placebo) ± standard deviation. *, compared vs. placebo group in basal conditions; ** compared vs, placebo group in post-treatment. + compared vs. SM group in before treatment. VCAM-1, vascular-cell adhesion molecule-1; ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1.
| Indicator | Pre-Treatment | Post-Treatment | Intra Group Comparison (p) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo (n = 8) | Spirulina maxima (n = 8) | p | Placebo (n = 8) | Spirulina maxima (n = 8) | p | ||
| sVCAM-1 (ng/mL) | 508.90 ± 31.40 | 480.80 ± 10.30 * | * =0.033 | 501.60 ± 22.70 | 458.00 ± 19.60 **,+ | ** 0.0022 | + 0.0391 |
| sICAM-1 (ng/mL) | 375.10 ± 96.40 | 348.50 ± 85.20 | 0.64 | 308.50 ± 99.10 | 333.30 ± 99.10 | 0.88 | 0.64 |
| sE-Selectin (ng/mL) | 13.73 ± 4.16 | 12.12 ± 1.52 | 0.77 | 12.40 ± 1.24 | 9.71 ± 2.13 ** | ** 0.007 | + 0.0234 |
| Endothelin-1 (pg/mL) | 17.45 ± 6.11 | 14.42 ± 2.92 | 0.22 | 21.48 ± 2.17 | 11.90 ± 6.47 ** | ** 0.0002 | + 0.0391 |