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. 2018 Nov 22;10(12):465. doi: 10.3390/cancers10120465

Table 2.

Histological findings in mouse models.

Model TSOD Model CDAHFD Model
Age 52-weeks 60-weeks 38-weeks 48-weeks
Mice/treatment TSNO TSOD TSNO TSOD control CDAHFD control CDAHFD
No. of animals a 5 18 5 16 10 10 8 10
Liver tumors (HCC + HCA)
Incidence (%) 1 (20) 11 (61) 0 (0) 13 (81) * 0 (0) 4 (40) * 0 (0) 8 (80) *
Multiplicity (No./mouse) 0.2 ± 0.4 1.0 ± 1.0 0.0 ± 0.0 1.8 ± 1.3 * 0.0 ± 0.0 1.2 ± 1.9 0.0 ± 0.0 2.3 ± 0.9 *
NASH liver tissues b
Steatosis - + - + - +++ - +++
Lobular inflammation - + - + - +++ - +++
Hepatocyte ballooning - + - + - + - +
Fibrosis - + - + - ++ - ++

HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HCA, hepatocellular adenoma. * p < 0.05, as compared to the control. a Final number of survived animals subjected to the analysis; b NASH liver tissue was graded using NASH activity score and NASH fibrosis stage as described below and most frequent scores were shown. Steatosis: amount of area involved by steatosis; -, <5%, +, 5–33%; ++, <33–66%; +++, >66%. Lobular inflammation: number of inflammatory cell foci per a field of view at ×200 magnification; -, no foci; +, <2 foci; ++, 2–4 foci; +++, >4 foci. Hepatocellular ballooning: the existence of ballooned hepatocytes; -, no ballooned hepatocytes; +, rare but definite ballooned hepatocytes or diagnostically borderline cases; ++, cases with prominent ballooning hepatocytes. Fibrosis: the degree of fibrosis; -, none; +, Zone 3 perisinusoidal fibrosis; ++, Zone 3 perisinusoidal and portal/periportal fibrosis; +++, bridging fibrosis; ++++, cirrhosis; NASH, Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.