XRN4 is required for proper accumulation and turn-over of TAAR messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and siTAARs. (A) Comparison of TIR1, AFB2, and AFB3 mRNA accumulation in Col-0, xrn4-3, and mir393b-1 by Northern blot. Signals detected in tir1-10, afb2-3, and afb3-5 mutants serve as negative controls; (B,C) analysis of AFB 3′D2(+) and AFB2 mRNA accumulation, respectively, in mir393b-1, Col-0, rdr6-14, xrn4-1, and xrn4-3/rdr6-14 by RNA-blot hybridization and Northern blot. (D) Analysis of AFB2 mRNA decay by Northern blot in Col-0 and xrn4-3 mutants for the time indicated after treatment with the transcription inhibitor cordycepin. The half-life (t1/2) of the AFB2 transcript was determined by normalizing the AFB2 signals to the 25S rRNA signals. Arrows indicate the full-length mRNA and asterisks indicate non-specific signals. Midori Green® stained 25S rRNAs serve as a loading standard for northern blot and U6 for RNA-Blot hybridization.