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. 2018 Dec 17;10(12):521. doi: 10.3390/cancers10120521

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© 2018 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Representative micrographs of conventional histology and immunohistochemistry to detect AKNA in normal and neoplastic cervical epithelium. (A) Normal histological appearance of uterine cervix, showing squamous stratified epithelium supported by connective tissue. (B) Normal epithelium showing strong AKNA immunostaining. Arrows indicate koilocytes where AKNA staining is absent. (C) Intense cervicitis with small fragment of epithelium (asterisk) and large nodules of neoplastic cells in subjacent connective tissue that correspond to infiltrating areas of mild differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (arrows). (D) Conserved epithelium (asterisk) and neoplastic nodules (arrows) show slight AKNA immunostaining (panels A and B 200× magnification, panels C and D 100× magnification). (E) Digital pathology study confirmed AKNA reduced levels in cancer cases (n = 6) compared to normal epithelia (n = 6) (** p < 0.01).