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. 2018 Nov 28;10(12):674. doi: 10.3390/v10120674

Table 4.

Therapeutic compounds tested in animal models and human patients.

Therapeutic Approaches Drug Candidates Drug Delivery Methods Human or Animal Model Host Age at Virus Inoculation Virus Inoculation EV71 Clinical Isolates * or Adapted Strains # Virus Genotype Ref.
GROUP 1
Passive immunization		 bispecific anti-EV71 & CA16 Ab Bs(scFv) i.p. injection at 24 h after inoculation BALB/c 1-day-old i.c. EV71/pSVA-MP4 # B3 [104]
VP1-specific mAb i.p. injection at 3, 24, and 48 h after inoculation SCARB2-Tg 1-day & 7-day-old s.c. E59 & 5746-TW98 * B4 & C2 [105]
human plasma or IVIG in vitro pre-mix with EV71 at 37 °C for 1 h ICR 2-day-old i.p. KM593929 * C4 [106]
human IVIG 3 i.p. injections at 4 h, 1- and 2-days after inoculation Kunming mice 7-day-old i.p. AH08/06 * C4 [107]
EV71-specific Ab i.p. injection 1 day before and 1 day after (ICR), or 2 and 4 days after inoculation (C57BL/6) ICR & C57BL/6 7-day & 9-day-old oral M2 # C2 [44]
adult immune sera i.p. injection at 1hr before and 24 h after inoculation young gerbils 21-day-old i.p. or i.m. strain 58301 * C4 [108]
human IVIG i.v. infusion at a dosage of 1 g/kg/day for 2 days human patients <2-yr-old natural infection N/A N/A [17]
GROUP 2
Immune modulators		 Poly (I:C) i.p. injection at 12 h before inoculation ICR 3-day-old i.p. or oral MP4 # C2 [45]
Ad-IFN-a one intranasal shot within 12 h post-inoculation BALB/c 6-day-old i.p. strain 41 * B4 [71]
antagomir -146a i.p. injection before or after virus inoculation C57BL/6 7-day-old i.p. mEV71 # B2 [109]
GS-9620 oral uptake at 2, 26, 50 h post-inoculation ICR 10-day-old i.p. MP10 # C4 [95]
GROUP 3
Anti-inflammation		 anti-IL6 Ab i.p. co-injection of Ab and virus (day 0) BALB/c 1-day-old i.p. strain 41 * B4 [38]
complement inhibitor (CR2-crry) treatment post-inoculation ICR 7-day-old i.c. BrCr * A [97]
GROUP 4
Others		 Retro-2cycl i.p. injection following EV71 inoculation BALB/c <1-day-old i.c. KJ508817 * C4 [98]
Pleconaril daily i.p. injection for 5 days ICR 1-day-old i.p. BrCr * A [99]
andrographolide sulfonate i.p. injection once daily until 10 days post-inoculation ICR 7-day-old i.p. BJ09/07 # C4 [100]
adoptive transfer of macrophage i.p. injection with adult macrophage at 1 day post-inoculation ICR 10-day-old i.p. MP10 # C4 [101]
Milrinone i.v. injection within 2–6 h after admission at dosage 0.35–0.55 mg/kg/min for 72 h. human patients <2-yr-old natural infection N/A N/A [22]

i.p.: intraperitoneal; i.v.: intravenous; i.c.: intracranial; i.m.: intra-muscular; s.c.: subcutaneous; N/A: information not available in the original paper; * clinical isolates; # mouse-adapted strain.