Table 3.
Association between ESR and subsequent schizophrenia and other non-affective psychoses
| ESR (mm/h) | Unadjusted analyses | After adjustment for potential confoundersa and exclusion of cases diagnosed within 2 years of conscription | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (% of total)b | Case, No. (%) | HR [95% CI] | p value | No. (% of total)b | Case, No. (%) | HR [95% CI] | p value | |
| Schizophrenia | ||||||||
| 0–3 | 467 073 (73.78) | 3932 (0.84) | 1.00 [reference] | − | 466 774 (73.78) | 3633 (0.78) | 1.00 [reference] | − |
| 4–6 | 111 204 (17.57) | 958 (0.86) | 1.04 [0.97, 1.12] | 0.258 | 111 112 (17.56) | 866 (0.78) | 1.02 [0.95, 1.10] | 0.573 |
| 7–10 | 34 783 (5.49) | 326 (0.94) | 1.11 [0.99, 1.25] | 0.064 | 34 763 (5.49) | 306 (0.88) | 1.14 [1.01, 1.28] | 0.029* |
| ⩾11 | 20 020 (3.16) | 182 (0.91) | 1.05 [0.90, 1.22] | 0.546 | 20 013 (3.16) | 175 (0.87) | 1.10 [0.94, 1.28] | 0.239 |
| Other non-affective psychoses | ||||||||
| 0–3 | 466 991 (73.80) | 3850 (0.82) | 1.00 [reference] | − | 466 835 (73.79) | 3694 (0.79) | 1.00 [reference] | − |
| 4–6 | 111 131 (17.56) | 885 (0.80) | 0.98 [0.91, 1.06] | 0.629 | 111 079 (17.56) | 851 (0.77) | 0.99 [0.92, 1.06] | 0.722 |
| 7–10 | 34 697 (5.48) | 240 (0.69) | 0.83 [0.73, 0.95] | 0.006* | 34 689 (5.48) | 232 (0.67) | 0.85 [0.74, 0.96] | 0.013* |
| ⩾11 | 19 996 (3.16) | 158 (0.79) | 0.92 [0.78, 1.08] | 0.301 | 19 990 (3.16) | 152 (0.76) | 0.93 [0.79, 1.09] | 0.355 |
a
Cox regression models were adjusted for household crowding, winter birth, parental socioeconomic status at 8–12 years, migration status, and parental history of non-affective psychoses.
b
Cases of other non-affective psychosis were excluded from the analysis of schizophrenia and vice versa.
*
p < 0.05