Table 4.
Univariate and multivariate linear association of adiposity indicators and cardio-metabolic risk factors.
| Cardio-Metabolic Risk Marker | WHtR (Per Increase of 0.1 Units) * | WC (cm) * | z-BMI (SD) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | 95% CI | Standardized β | p | β | 95% CI | Standardized β | p | β | 95% CI | Standardized β | p | |
| LDL-c (mmol/L) Unadjusted model | 0.27 | 0.12, 0.41 | 0.31 | 0.000 | 0.01 | 0.00, 0.02 | 0.24 | 0.007 | 0.13 | 0.03, 0.21 | 0.24 | 0.008 |
| Adjusted model 1 | 0.24 | 0.09, 0.38 | 0.28 | 0.002 | 0.01 | 0.00, 0.02 | 0.29 | 0.005 | 0.12 | 0.02, 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.015 |
| HDL-c (mmol/L) Unadjusted model | −0.21 | −0.27, −0.14 | −0.49 | 0.000 | −0.01 | −0.02, −0.01 | −0.53 | 0.000 | −0.12 | −0.16, −0.08 | −0.45 | 0.000 |
| Adjusted model 2 | −0.21 | −0.27, −0.14 | −0.49 | 0.000 | −0.01 | −0.02, −0.01 | −0.56 | 0.000 | −0.12 | −0.17, −0.08 | −0.47 | 0.000 |
| TGs (mmol/L) Unadjusted model | 0.34 | 0.23, 0.46 | 0.47 | 0.000 | 0.02 | 0.02, 0.03 | 0.54 | 0.000 | 0.20 | 0.13, 0.27 | 0.45 | 0.000 |
| Adjusted model 2 | 0.34 | 0.22, 0.45 | 0.47 | 0.000 | 0.02 | 0.02, 0.03 | 0.55 | 0.000 | 0.21 | 0.14, 0.29 | 0.48 | 0.000 |
| TC (mmol/L) Unadjusted model | 0.13 | −0.03, 0.29 | 0.14 | 0.108 | 0.00 | −0.01, 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.424 | 0.06 | −0.05, 0.16 | 0.10 | 0.277 |
| Adjusted model 1 | 0.10 | −0.06, 0.27 | 0.11 | 0.217 | 0.01 | −0.01, 0.02 | 0.11 | 0.299 | 0.05 | −0.06, 0.15 | 0.08 | 0.386 |
| FPG (mmol/L) Unadjusted model | 0.03 | −0.04, 0.10 | 0.07 | 0.421 | 0.00 | −0.00, 0.01 | 0.15 | 0.089 | 0.03 | −0.02, 0.07 | 0.11 | 0.237 |
| Adjusted model 3 | 0.02 | −0.06, 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.597 | 0.00 | −0.00, 0.01 | 0.14 | 0.119 | 0.02 | −0.02, 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.328 |
| AIP Unadjusted model | 0.20 | 0.14, 0.25 | 0.54 | 0.000 | 0.01 | 0.01, 0.016 | 0.62 | 0.000 | 0.12 | 0.08, 0.15 | 0.52 | 0.000 |
| Adjusted model 4 | 0.20 | 0.14, 0.25 | 0.55 | 0.000 | 0.01 | 0.01, 0.016 | 0.63 | 0.000 | 0.12 | 0.09, 0.16 | 0.55 | 0.000 |
| AI Unadjusted model | 0.47 | 0.33, 0.63 | 0.49 | 0.000 | 0.03 | 0.02, 0.036 | 0.47 | 0.000 | 0.25 | 0.15, 0.35 | 0.41 | 0.000 |
| Adjusted model 4 | 0.48 | 0.33, 0.64 | 0.50 | 0.000 | 0.03 | 0.02, 0.035 | 0.46 | 0.000 | 0.26 | 0.16, 0.36 | 0.43 | 0.000 |
WHtR: waist-to-height ratio; WC: waist circumference; z-BMI: z-score body mass index; SD: standard deviation; CI: confidence interval; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; TGs: triglycerides; TC: total cholesterol; AIP: atherogenic index of plasma; AI: atherogenic index. 1 Adjusted for total energy (kcal) and saturated fat (g); 2 Adjusted for total energy (kcal), saturated fat (g) and carbohydrates (g); 3 Adjusted for total energy (kcal) and carbohydrates (g); 4 Adjusted for total energy (kcal), total fat (g) and carbohydrates (g). * All multivariate models for WHtR and WC were further adjusted for age and gender.