Table 1.

Regulators of structure-specific endonucleases (SSEs) besides cell cycle kinases and Cds1^S.p. homologs. There are many other regulators of Mus81 and other SSE activities besides cell cycle-dependent kinases. Proteins involved in DNA repair or replication are the most common regulators. (S.c.: S. cerevisiae; S.p.: S. pombe).

Grouping of Regulatory Protein or Stimulus	Protein or Stimulus that Regulates SSE Activities	Organism	Effect on SSE	Reference
Mus81-Eme1 (S. p.)/Mus81-Mms4 (S. c.)/MUS81-EME1 (human)
Players of DNA repair or replication	Rad52	S. c., Human	Stimulate activity	[94,95,96]
	Esc2	S. c.	Stimulate activity	[75]
	RFC/PCNA	S. c.	Stimulate activity	[97]
	FANCD2	Human	Promote recruitment & activity	Rev. in [98,99]
	RECQ5 helicase	Human	Promote recruitment to CFS	[65]
SMC protein complex	Smc5/6	S. c., Human	Stimulate activity	[99,100]
	SMC2	Human	Promote recruitment	[101]
	WAPL	Human	Promote recruitment	[101]
	Psm1	S. p.	Stimulate activity	[102]
Localization	Nucleolar	Human	Maintains repetitive nucleolar DNA	[103]
	DNA damage-induced	S. c., Human	Maintains genome stability after DNA damage	[103,104]
Post-translational modifier	SUMOylation	Human	Stimulate activity upon arsenic treatment	[105]
Epigenetic modifier	EZH2	Human	Methylation on H3K27 at stalled replication fork stimulate recruitment	[106]
Scaffold protein	SLX4	S. c., Human	Promote recruitment & activity	[11,12,13,14,15,60]
	UHRF1	Human	Promote recruitment	[107,108]
Rad16-Swi10 (S. p.)/Rad1-Rad10 (S. c.)/XPF-ERCC1 (human)
Players of DNA repair or replication	Rad14	S. c.	Promote recruitment	[109]
	RPA	Human	Stimulate activity	[110,111]
	Rad52	Human	Stimulate activity	[110,112]
	FANCD2	Human	Promote recruitment	Rev. in [98,99]
Scaffold protein	Pxd1	S. p.	Stimulate activity	[113]
	SLX4	S. c., Human	Promote recruitment & activity	[11,12,13,14,15]
	UHRF1	Human	Promote recruitment	[107,108]
DNA binding protein	Saw1	S. c.	Promote recruitment	[114]
Rad2(S. p.)/Rad27(S. c.)/FEN1 (human)
Players of DNA repair or replication	PCNA	Human	Promote recruitment & activity during Okazaki fragment maturation	Rev. in [115]
	Rad9-Rad1-Hus1 complex	Human	Promotes activity during replication stress	[116]
	MUS81	Human	Stimulate activity	[117,118,119]
	RECQ5 helicase WRN	Human	Promote recruitment & activity	[120,121,122]
Post-translational modifier	SUMOylation	Human	Promotes association with Rad9-Rad1-Hus1 complex	[116]
Fan1(S. p.)/Absent in S. c./FAN1 (human)
Players of DNA repair or replication	FANCD2	Human	Promote recruitment	[123]
	PCNA	Human	Promote recruitment	[124]
Absent in S. p./Yen1 S. c./GEN1 (human)
Localization	Cdc28	S. c.	Nuclear exclusion at G1/S	[22,23,24]
	Cdc14	S. c.	Nuclear import at anaphase	[23]
	Nuclear Export Signal	Human	Nuclear exclusion until nuclear envelope breakdown	[25]