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. 2018 Nov 30;10(12):476. doi: 10.3390/cancers10120476

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Propranolol enhances glucose dependence and synergizes with glucose deprivation for improved anti-cancer activity. Colony-forming assay results and representative images of mEERL (A,C) and MLM3 cells (B,D) treated with propranolol (40 µM) in the presence or absence of glucose (25 mM). Values reflect % colony number (top) or % average colony diameter (bottom) relative to 25 mM glucose control. Each value represents mean +/- SEM of n = 6 (mEERL) or 4 (MLM3) independent biological replicates; p-values reflect t-test results (* p ≤ 0.05 and ** p ≤ 0.001 comparing control vs. propranolol-treated cells at the same glucose concentration; † p ≤ 0.001 comparing control cells at 25 mM vs. 0 mM glucose; # p ≤ 0.05 and ## p ≤ 0.05 comparing propranolol-treated cells at 25 mM vs. 0 mM glucose). Proliferation assay results of mEERL (E) and MLM3 cells (F) treated with propranolol (40 µM) for 48 h in the presence or absence of glucose. Values reflect % cell number relative to 25 mM glucose control. Each data point represents mean +/− SEM of n = 4 independent biological replicates; p-values reflect t-test results.