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. 2018 Dec 5;10(12):520. doi: 10.3390/toxins10120520

Table 2.

Total and free concentrations of the assayed protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs).

Uremic Toxins Serum Concentration
Median (25th pct, 75th pct)
(n = 56)
IXS (mg/dL) Total 0.222 (0.101, 0.598)
Free 0.006 (0.002, 0.015)
PCS (mg/dL) Total 0.782 (0.303, 1.418)
Free 0.017 (0.007, 0.031)
PCG (mg/dL) Total 0.013 (0.004, 0.035)
Free 0.011 (0.002, 0.029)
IAA (mg/dL) Total 0.057 (0.040, 0.101)
Free 0.005 (0.003, 0.011)
HA (mg/dL) Total 0.255 (0.119, 0.379)
Free 0.084 (0.038, 0.137)
CMPF (mg/dL) Total 0.071 (0.035, 0.156)

Indoxyl sulfate (IXS), p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), p-cresyl glucuronide (PCG), indole acetic acid (IAA), hippuric acid (HA), and 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid (CMPF).