Figure 4.

The effect of vitamin D and vitamin E on high glucose-induced [³H] thymidine uptake by PASMCs. Quiesced cells were cultured with normal (five mM) and high glucose (25 mM) for 72 h. Vitamin D (80 ng/mL) and vitamin E (9 µg/mL) were added immediately along with high-glucose incubation. [³H]-thymidine incorporation assay was performed for the evaluation of DNA synthesis (as an index of cell proliferation). Radioactive counts were measured in disintegrations per minutes (DPMs) ± SEM. * p < 0.05 vs. cells cultured in normal glucose (five mM) media. ● p < 0.05 vs. high glucose cultured cells (n = 4). ANOVA one way followed by Tukey’s comparison test were performed. (+ve) control: cells placed in culture of ordinary environment with no adjusted glucose and 10% bovine serum.