Table 1.
Examples of assay components and immobilisation strategies for cTnI detection.
| Detection Approach | Biorecognition Element | Immobilisation Strategy | LOD |
|---|---|---|---|
| Optical [85] | Monoclonal Antibody | Ab/EDC/NHS/Dextran SAM/Tboc/Si Wafer | 5 ng/L |
| Photoelectrochemical [86] | Antibody * | Ab/EDC/NHS/TGA/CdS/N,S-GQDs/Zn2SnO4/ITO | 0.3 ng/L |
| Luminescence [87] | Monoclonal Antibody | Ab/Ru/EDC/NHS/PAMAM/AuNPs/Nafion/GCE | 12 pg/L |
| Electrochemical [61] | MIPs | MIPs/MWCNT/GS/GCE | 0.8 ng/L |
| Luminescence [88] | Aptamer | QD/EDC/NHS/L1/Aptamer/L2/DTT/AuNP | 7.2 μg/L |
| Luminescence [89] | Antibody* | Biotin-Ab/Streptavidin/Magnetic-NPs/GCP | 0.2 ng/L |
* Type of antibody has not been disclosed. Tboc—10-N-Boc-Amino-dec-1-ene; Si Wafer—Silicon wafer; TGA—Thioglycolic acid; CdS—Cadimium sulphur; N,S-GQDs—Graphene quantum dots doped with nitrogen and sulfu; Zn2SnO4—Zinc stannate; ITO—Indium tine oxide; Ru—Tris (4,4_-dicarboxylicacid-2,2_-bipyridyl) ruthe-nium(II) dichloride; GCE—Glassy Carbon Electrode; GS—Graphene Nanoplatlets; QD—Quantum Dot; L1—Oligonucleotide linker (GGTGGTGGT- C6 Amine); L2—Oligonucleotide linker (Thiol-GAAGAAGAA); DTT—Dithiothreitol; GCP—Glassy carbon plate.