Table II.

Univariate analysis of prognostic factors for patients with MDS.

Variable	No. of patients	Cases of mortality	P-value
Age (years)			0.004
<60	83	31
≥60	69	38
Sex			0.996
Male	92	41
Female	60	28
WBCs (×109/l)			0.804
<4	129	59
≥4	23	10
Neutrophils (×109/l)			0.310
<1.5	114	56
≥1.5	38	13
Hemoglobin (g/dl)			0.005
<9	115	59
≥9	37	10
PLTs (×109/l)			0.070
<100	112	56
≥100	40	13
WHO classification			<0.001
RA, RARS, RCMD, RCMD-RS, 5q-syndrome, MDS-U	106	33
RAEB-1, RAEB-2	46	36
BM blasts (%)			<0.001
<5	106	32
5-9	21	17
10-19	25	20
IPSS karyotypea			0.007
Good	104	41
Intermediate	29	15
Poor	17	12
IPSS cytopeniasb			0.045
0/1	19	4
2/3	133	65
IPSS risk groupsc			<0.001
Low	13	2
INT-1	96	33
INT-2	26	21
High	15	12
ABAT mRNA expression			0.015
Low (<0.46)	131	55
Normal (0.46-1.25)	14	8
High (>1.25)	7	6
ABAT methylation degree (%)			0.005
Low (<7.98)	16	2
Normal (7.98-12.39)	19	7
High (>12.39)	117	60

For evaluation of prognostic factors, χ² tests or Fisher’s exact tests were used. ABAT, 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase; BM, bone marrow; CI, confidence interval; INT, intermediate; IPSS; International Prognostic Scoring System; MDS, myelodysplastic syndrome; MDS-U, unclassified MDS; PLTs, platelets; RA, refractory anemia; RAEB-1; refractory anemia with excess of blasts type 1; RAEB-2, refractory anemia with excess of blasts type 2; RARS, refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts; RCMD, refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia; RCMD-RS, RCMD with ring sideroblasts; WBCs, white blood cells; WHO, World Health Organization.

^aIPSS karyotype: Good, normal, 5q-, 20q-, -Y; intermediate, not good or poor; poor, complex aberration or chromosome 7 abnormalities.

^bIPSS cytopenias: Hemoglobin concentration <9 g/dl, absolute neutrophil count <1.8×10⁹/l, PLT count <100×10⁹/l.

^cIPSS risk groups: Low, 0; INT-1, 0.5-1.0; INT-2, 1.5-2.0; high, ≥2.5, according to IPSS score.