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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Sci Transl Med. 2018 Aug 1;10(452):eaar4338. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aar4338

Figure 5. Impaired synaptic RA signaling in human neurons derived from FXS patients co-cultured with mouse glia or mouse neurons.

Figure 5.

(A-B) Example traces and quantification for mEPSC amplitudes recorded from iN cells differentiated from control #1 iPS cells (EB1) (A) and FXS iPS cell #1 (SC135) (B), cocultured with mouse glia, and treated with DMSO or RA (***, p < 0.001; student’s t-test). Scale bars: left, 20 pA, 1s; right, 5 pA, 5 ms. (C) Quantification for mEPSC amplitudes recorded from iN cells differentiated from control iPS cell #1 (left) or FXS iPS cell #1 (right), co-cultured with mouse neurons, and treated with DMSO or RA (***, p < 0.001; student’s t-test). Scale bars: 5 pA and 5 ms. (D) Quantification for mIPSC amplitudes recorded from control and FXS iN cells treated with DMSO or RA (***, p < 0.001; student’s t-test). Scale bars: 5 pA and 50 ms. (E) Representative traces and quantification of evoked EPSCs recorded from iN cells differentiated from control iPS cell #1 and FXS iPS cell #1 lines after DMSO or RA treatment. Scale bars: 200 pA, 10 ms. (F) Representative traces and quantification of evoked IPSCs recorded from control and FXS iN cells after DMSO or RA treatment. Scale bars: 200 pA, 20 ms. n/N = # of neurons/# of independent experiments. In all graphs, data represent average values ± SEM.