Table 1.
Descriptive estimates of sleep duration, sleep quality, sexual orientation, sociodemographic, and health-related characteristics among US men and women: NHIS, 2013–2015 (N = 102,989)
| Characteristic | Men (n = 46,909), % (95% CI) | Women (n = 56,080), % (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sleep duration and sleep quality | ||||
| Meets NSF recommendationsa | 63.9 | (63.23, 64.49) | 63.0 | (62.39,63.69) |
| Trouble falling asleepb | 12.0 | (11.58, 12.44) | 17.8 | (17.30,18.27) |
| Trouble staying asleep b | 17.7 | (17.11, 18.20) | 24.2 | (23.60,24.70) |
| Used medication to help fall/stay asleepb | 5.8 | (5.55, 6.12) | 9.1 | (8.76,9.46) |
| Woke up not feeling well restedc | 32.5 | (31.75, 33.16) | 40.4 | (39.72,41.08) |
| Sexual orientation | ||||
| Straight | 97.7 | (97.52, 97.91) | 97.6 | (97.37,97.75) |
| Gay/lesbiand | 1.8 | (1.66, 2.03) | 1.4 | (1.29,1.57) |
| Bisexual | 0.4 | (0.37, 0.53) | 1.0 | (0.90,1.14) |
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
| Age (y) | ||||
| 18–24 | 13.1 | (12.53, 13.76) | 12.0 | (11.52,12.56) |
| 25–44 | 34.9 | (34.23, 35.61) | 33.6 | (32.96,34.18) |
| 45–64 | 34.7 | (34.02, 35.38) | 34.3 | (33.69,34.89) |
| ≥65 | 17.3 | (16.73, 17.81) | 20.1 | (19.57,20.66) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanic | 15.9 | (15.19, 16.54) | 14.8 | (14.23,15.32) |
| Non-Hispanic White | 66.0 | (65.11, 66.82) | 65.2 | (64.35,65.94) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 10.9 | (10.40, 11.37) | 12.3 | (11.81,12.88) |
| Non-Hispanic other/multiple race(s) | 7.3 | (6.88, 7.75) | 7.8 | (7.30,8.23) |
| Education level | ||||
| Less than high school diploma | 13.7 | (13.18, 14.24) | 12.9 | (12.41,13.30) |
| High school diploma/GED | 26.6 | (25.99, 27.27) | 24.7 | (24.10,25.24) |
| Some college | 29.5 | (28.79, 30.11) | 32.3 | (31.66,32.84) |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher | 30.2 | (29.40, 31.06) | 30.2 | (29.52,30.97) |
| Marital status | 24.5 | (23.81, 25.20) | 20.2 | (19.61, 20.77) |
| Never married | 63.1 | (62.39, 63.81) | 57.6 | (56.89,58.22) |
| Married/cohabitating | 12.4 | (12.02, 12.78) | 22.3 | (21.79,22.74) |
| Divorced, separated, or widowed | 73.4 | (72.71, 74.04) | 61.8 | (61.16,62.45) |
| Employed in past 12 mo | 32.8 | (32.08, 33.55) | 37.4 | (36.74,38.03) |
| Children living in residence | 24.5 | (23.81, 25.20) | 20.2 | (19.61,20.77) |
| Urbanicity | ||||
| Not in MSA | 14.3 | (13.11, 15.64) | 15.0 | (13.77,16.31) |
| Small MSA | 30.7 | (29.32,32.21) | 30.9 | (29.41,32.32) |
| Large MSA | 54.9 | (53.61, 56.23) | 54.2 | (52.83,55.47) |
| Poverty status | ||||
| Poor (b100% FPT) | 11.7 | (11.18, 12.22) | 14.9 | (14.37,15.46) |
| Near poor (100% ≤ FPTb< 200%) | 17.6 | (17.04, 18.15) | 20.0 | (19.45,20.50) |
| Not poor (≥200% FPT) | 70.7 | (69.90, 71.52) | 65.1 | (64.3,65.89) |
| Health-related characteristics | ||||
| ADL/IADL limitation(s) | 3.9 | (3.68, 4.16) | 5.8 | (5.48,6.03) |
| Experienced recent pain/aches | 46.1 | (45.33, 46.79) | 51.4 | (50.71,52.04) |
| Respondent-reported health status | ||||
| Poor/fair | 12.5 | (12.05, 12.92) | 13.4 | (13.03,13.84) |
| Good | 25.9 | (25.31, 26.43) | 27.0 | (26.52,27.56) |
| Very good/excellent | 61.7 | (60.97, 62.34) | 59.5 | (58.89,60.16) |
| Food security | ||||
| Very low food security | 3.9 | (3.65, 4.15) | 4.4 | (4.16,4.63) |
| Low food security | 5.3 | (5.07, 5.63) | 6.4 | (6.12,6.67) |
| Marginal/high food security | 90.8 | (90.38, 91.13) | 89.2 | (88.82,89.61) |
| Sufficient aerobic activity | 53.0 | (52.21, 53.75) | 45.7 | (45.04,46.45) |
| Serious psychological distress | 2.9 | (2.71, 3.16) | 4.1 | (3.84,4.33) |
| Financial worry (range: 0–18)e | 6.4 | (6.28, 6.45) | 7.0 | (6.94,7.11) |
Percentage distributions may not add up to 100.0% because of rounding.
Abbreviations: FPT, federal poverty threshold; GED, General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma; MSA, metropolitan statistical area; n, unweighted sample size; NHIS, National Health Interview Survey.
NSF recommendations include 7–9 hours sleep per day for adults 18–25 years, 7–9 hours of sleep per day for adults 26–64 years, and 7–8 hours of sleep per day for adults ≥65 years.
At least 4 times in the past week.
At least 4 days in the past week.
Responses included “gay/lesbian” for women, and “gay” for men.
Mean (95% CI) provided.