Table 4.
Bivariate associations between participant characteristics and the odds of past-year HIV testing among self-reported HIV-negative PWID (N = 7477), drawn from the 2012 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National HIV Behavioral Surveillance
| Individual-level characteristics | OR | p value |
|---|---|---|
| Age (SD = 11.2 years) | 0.81 | < 0.0005 |
| Gender (ref = female) | 0.99 | 0.87 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| Ratio black/white | 1.11 | 0.06 |
| Ratio Latino/white | 1.19 | 0.008 |
| Annual household income (USD) (1 SD = $15,000) | 1 | 0.97 |
| High-school graduate//general equivalency diploma (ref: no diploma/GED) | 1.03 | 0.54 |
| Employed full time (ref: not employed full time) | 0.99 | 0.94 |
| Currently homeless (ref: not currently homeless) | 1.26 | < 0.0005 |
| Injection daily | 0.95 | 0.02 |
| Years since first injection (1 SD = 13.6 years) | 0.84 | < 0.0005 |